殴られた
解説 Definition
beaten は beat（殴る、打つ）の過去分詞です。ここでは人が殴られた、または暴力を受けた状態を表し、受け身の文でよく使われます。
The past participle of beat, used here to describe someone who has been struck repeatedly or subjected to physical violence. It commonly follows be in passive constructions such as was beaten or had been beaten.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
beaten は beat「殴る、打つ」の過去分詞で、beat /biːt/ に -en が付いて beaten /ˈbiːtən/ となります。過去形は beat のままですが、受け身では was beaten、完了形では had been beaten を使います。ここでは「繰り返し殴られ、暴力を受けた結果」に焦点を置きます。
Link beaten to the irregular verb pattern beat–beat–beaten. The base form and past tense are both pronounced /biːt/, while the past participle adds an unstressed syllable: /ˈbiːtən/. In this entry, imagine a passive sentence such as “The victim was beaten,” where the subject receives repeated blows or physical violence. The forms was beaten and had been beaten are especially useful patterns. Keep this sense separate from nonviolent uses such as being beaten in a competition, where the meaning is “defeated.”
例文
The man was beaten by a stranger.
その男性は見知らぬ人に殴られました。
He looked scared after being beaten.
彼は殴られた後、おびえているように見えました。
The victim had been beaten before the police arrived.
警察が到着する前に、被害者は殴られていました。
beaten の類義語・関連語
beaten の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 bēatan（繰り返し打つ）の過去分詞形。ゲルマン祖語 *bautaną に由来し、「叩く・打ち負かす」が原義。ラテン語の同根語はないが、打撃の反復動作を表す擬音的な語とされる。関連語: beat（打つ）、batter（乱打する）。
Beaten is the past participle of beat, formed with the inherited participial ending -en. Beat comes from Old English bēatan, which meant to strike repeatedly, pound, or thrash, and is related to Germanic words carrying a similar sense. The unchanged past form beat and the participle beaten preserve an old irregular pattern. Meanings such as defeating an opponent developed naturally from the earlier physical idea of striking or overpowering someone.
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