bohemia
ボヘミア
解説 Definition
bohemia は、現在のチェコ西部にあたる歴史的地域であるボヘミアを指す名詞です。歴史、地理、文化について述べる文脈で使われます。
A historical region of central Europe occupying much of the western part of the present-day Czech Republic. The name is used chiefly in discussions of European geography, history, kingdoms, and regional culture.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
Bohemia は現在のチェコ西部にあたる歴史的地域名なので、通常は大文字で書きます。Prague、the Czech Republic、medieval Bohemia と結び付け、地図上の土地として覚えましょう。bohemian「自由奔放な人」という普通名詞的用法もありますが、地域名 Bohemia の中心義は歴史・地理上の固有名です。
Treat Bohemia first as a place on a historical map: it covers much of the western Czech Republic, and Prague became its major city. Useful combinations include medieval Bohemia, the Kingdom of Bohemia, and a map of Bohemia. Capitalization signals that it is a proper geographical name. Bohemian is related, but it can describe either the region and its people or, in a later figurative sense, an unconventional artistic lifestyle. Keeping the map image central prevents that later meaning from replacing the original regional one.
例文
Bohemia is a historical region in the western part of the Czech Republic.
ボヘミアはチェコ共和国西部にある歴史的地域です。
Prague became an important city in Bohemia.
プラハはボヘミアの重要な都市になりました。
The museum has a map of medieval Bohemia.
その博物館には中世ボヘミアの地図があります。
bohemia の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
bohemia の語源・成り立ち Etymology
Bohemia はフランス語経由でラテン語 Boiohaemum にさかのぼり、ケルト系部族 Boii とゲルマン語系 *haimaz「住まい」から成るとされます。つまり「ボイイ人の地」という感覚で、Bohemian も同じ名に由来します。
Bohemia reached English through Latin and European vernacular forms. The place-name is traced to a formation referring to the Boii, a Celtic people who inhabited the region, combined with a Germanic element related to “home” or “dwelling.” Its underlying sense is therefore approximately “home of the Boii.” Bohemian was later formed from the regional name to describe the land, its inhabitants, or things associated with it, before acquiring additional cultural meanings.
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