capping
上限設定
解説 Definition
capping は cap（上限を設ける）の現在分詞・動名詞です。価格、人数、支出などに上限を設定する行為を表します。
Capping is the act or process of setting a maximum permitted level for something such as a price, expense, number, or quantity. It is also the present participle of cap when describing an authority or organization that is currently imposing such a limit.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
capping は原形 cap「上限を設ける」の現在分詞・動名詞です。短母音の後の子音 p を重ねて cap＋p＋ing とし、発音は /ˈkæpɪŋ/。帽子やふたが上から覆う像から「それ以上に行かないよう抑える」と捉え、capping prices、capping numbers、capping expenses のように上限の対象と結び付けます。
Start with the verb cap, “to set an upper limit,” and add -ing. Because cap has a short stressed vowel followed by one final consonant, double the p: cap becomes capping, pronounced /ˈkæpɪŋ/. A physical cap covers something from above; metaphorically, a limit stops a price, number, or expense from rising beyond a chosen point. Remember the common combinations capping prices, capping the number of cars, and capping monthly expenses. Capping emphasizes imposing a ceiling, while reducing means making the current amount smaller and does not necessarily establish a fixed maximum.
例文
Capping the price helped many families.
価格に上限を設けたことで、多くの家庭が助かりました。
The city is capping the number of cars downtown.
市は中心部に入る車の数に上限を設けています。
Capping monthly expenses became part of the new budget plan.
月々の支出に上限を設けることが、新しい予算計画の一部になりました。
capping の類義語・関連語
capping の語源・成り立ち Etymology
cappingはcap + -ingで、capは古英語cæppe、さらに後期ラテン語cappa「頭を覆うもの」にさかのぼります。原義は「ふたをする」ですが、そこから比喩的に「上から押さえる」→「上限を設ける」と発展しました。関連語はcape、chapel。
Capping is formed from cap plus -ing, with the final p doubled according to the regular spelling rule. Cap comes through Old English cæppe and related Germanic forms from Late Latin cappa, referring to a head covering. From the concrete idea of putting a cover or top on something, the verb developed the figurative sense “place an upper limit on,” which produces the present sense of capping prices or quantities.
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