クリスマス
解説 Definition
Christmas は、イエス・キリストの誕生を記念する祝日であるクリスマスを指します。英語では本来 Christmas と大文字で書く固有名詞ですが、ここでは見出し語の表記に合わせています。
Christmas is the Christian holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, celebrated on December 25 by most Western churches. The word also refers more broadly to the surrounding festive season and its religious or cultural customs.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
Christmas は Christ「キリスト」+ mass「ミサ・礼拝」から成り、もとは「キリストのミサ」です。祝日名なので通常は Christmas と大文字で書きます。at Christmas はクリスマスの時期、on Christmas Day は当日を指すという前置詞の違いも、家族訪問や特別な夕食の場面と結び付けて覚えましょう。
Break Christmas into Christ + mass: historically, it is the religious service or “mass” associated with Christ. That structure makes the holiday meaning easy to retain. As the name of a holiday, it is normally capitalized as Christmas, even though this dictionary headword is lowercase. Learn the common time expressions too: at Christmas often means during the Christmas season, while on Christmas Day points specifically to December 25. Connect the word with typical contexts such as visiting family, festive lights, worship, gifts, and a special meal.
例文
We visit my grandparents at Christmas.
私たちはクリスマスに祖父母を訪ねます。
The city has many lights before Christmas.
その街はクリスマス前にたくさんの明かりで飾られます。
My family cooks a special dinner on Christmas.
私の家族はクリスマスに特別な夕食を作ります。
christmas の類義語・関連語
christmas の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 Cristes mæsse(キリストのミサ)から。Christ はギリシャ語 Khristos(油を注がれた者)、mass はラテン語 missa(派遣、礼拝の終わりの言葉)に由来。キリストの誕生を祝う礼拝が転じて祝日名になった。関連語: christen(洗礼を施す)、massive の mass とは別語源。
Christmas comes from Old English Cristes mæsse, literally “Christ’s mass.” Christ derives through Latin from Greek Khristos, “anointed,” while mass came through ecclesiastical Latin missa and developed as the name of the Christian Eucharistic service. The compound first referred to the religious observance celebrating the birth of Jesus and later broadened to include the holiday, its season, and the customs surrounding it.
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