共謀している
解説 Definition
colluding は collude（共謀する）の現在分詞・動名詞です。人や組織が、不正な目的のためにひそかに協力していることを表します。
Colluding is secretly cooperating with another person or organization to deceive others, break rules, restrict fair competition, or achieve another dishonest purpose. It is the present-participle or gerund form of collude and often appears in legal, business, and investigative contexts.
使い方 Usage
- collude with＋人・組織で共謀相手を、collude to＋動詞の原形で共謀の目的を示します。 Use collude with a person or organization to identify the partner, and collude to followed by a base verb to state the purpose.
- collude on prices は「価格について共謀する」。企業間の不正な協力を述べる場面で使われます。 Collude on prices means to cooperate dishonestly over prices, a pattern used when discussing improper cooperation between companies.
使い分け Common distinctions
- cooperate は中立的・肯定的な協力にも使えますが、collude は秘密や不正を含む否定的な語です。 Cooperate can describe neutral or positive cooperation, while collude has negative associations with secrecy or dishonesty.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
collude の語末の e を落として -ing を付けると colluding。「一緒に遊ぶ」という語源の連想を、不正な目的でひそかに手を組む場面につなげましょう。
Drop the final silent e of collude and add -ing: colluding. Its historical association with “playing together” can help you picture people secretly joining forces for a dishonest purpose.
例文
The two managers were suspected of colluding to hide the losses.
その2人の管理職は、損失を隠すために共謀していた疑いを持たれました。
The report accused several companies of colluding on prices.
その報告書は、複数の企業が価格について共謀していると非難しました。
Investigators found messages suggesting that the bidders had been colluding.
調査員は、入札者たちが共謀していたことを示唆するメッセージを見つけました。
colluding の類義語・関連語
colluding の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語「colludere」由来で、接頭辞「col-（一緒に）」と語根「lud-（遊ぶ）」に分けられます。「裏で一緒に遊ぶ」意味が転じ、「秘密裏に手を組む」となりました。同語根からは「illusion（錯覚）」や「allude（ほのめかす）」が派生しています。
Colluding is the -ing form of collude, from Latin colludere, “to play together” or “act in concert.” Colludere combines col-, a form of com- meaning “together,” with ludere, “to play.” The sense developed from playing or acting together to secretly cooperating in deception. Related formations from the Latin ludere family include allude and illusion, though their meanings developed along different paths. In spelling, collude loses its final silent e before -ing is added.
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