制約された
解説 Definition
「constrained」は、何らかの制約や制限によって自由が妨げられている状態を表す形容詞です。外部からの力や規則によって行動や選択が限定されていることを指します。また、不自然に抑制されたぎこちない様子を表すこともあります。
Constrained describes someone or something whose freedom, choices, movement, or development is limited by rules, circumstances, resources, or external pressure. It can also describe behavior or movement that appears stiff, restrained, or unnatural because it is being held back.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
動詞 constrain「制限する」の過去分詞が形容詞化した語で、語尾 -ed は /d/ と発音する。be constrained by a budget の形で「予算によって選択肢を縛られる」と覚える。restricted に近いが、constrained movements のように、動きや態度が抑え込まれて不自然・ぎこちない意味にも使える。
Begin with constrain, “to limit or hold back,” and treat constrained as the resulting state. It is the regular past participle, with -ed pronounced /d/ after the voiced /n/ sound. Picture a project constrained by a tight budget: the team may have ideas, but money restricts what it can choose or do. The same core image works for someone constrained by strict policies. When movements or conversation are described as constrained, the limitation appears as stiffness or unnatural restraint. Restricted is a close synonym, but constrained often highlights the force, condition, or shortage that narrows freedom or available options.
例文
The project was constrained by a tight budget.
そのプロジェクトは厳しい予算によって制約されていた。
She felt constrained by the strict company policies.
彼女は厳しい会社の方針に制約を感じていた。
His movements appeared constrained and unnatural on stage.
彼の動きは舞台上でぎこちなく不自然に見えた。
constrained の類義語・関連語
類義語
紛らわしい語
constrained の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 constringere（con-＝共に + stringere＝締める）の過去分詞 constrictus に由来。「一緒に縛り上げる」が原義で、行動や選択が制限される意味に発展。関連語: constrict（収縮する）、strict（厳格な＝同じ stringere 語根）。
Constrained is the past participle of constrain. Constrain entered English through Old French contraindre from Latin constringere, “to bind tightly, compress, or restrain.” The Latin verb combines con-, “together,” with stringere, “to draw tight or bind.” This physical image of tightening developed into the abstract sense of limiting choices, action, or freedom. Related English formations from the same Latin root include constrict and stringent, both retaining an idea of tightness or restriction.
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