coughing
咳
解説 Definition
「coughing」は、咳をする行為またはその状態を表す名詞（あるいは動詞の現在分詞）です。気道への刺激、感染症、アレルギーなどによって引き起こされる反射的な呼吸器の動作を指します。風邪や肺の病気の症状として、または誤飲した際の自然な反応として現れます。
The act or repeated process of forcing air suddenly from the lungs through the throat, usually as a reflex caused by irritation or illness. It is also the present participle of cough, used when someone is performing this action.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
coughingは原形coughに-ingをそのまま付けた形で、綴りは変わりません。coughのghは /f/ と発音し、全体は英音でおおむね /ˈkɒfɪŋ/ です。persistent coughing「長引く咳」、stop coughing「咳をやめる」のように、咳という症状・行為の継続を表す組み合わせで覚えます。
Coughing is made by adding -ing directly to cough, with no spelling change. The difficult point is pronunciation: the gh in cough sounds like /f/, so coughing is pronounced roughly “COFF-ing,” not with a spoken g or h. Use two common frames to remember its grammar: persistent coughing treats the activity as a noun, while he is coughing uses it as the present participle of the verb cough. Link the word with smoke, a throat infection, or another irritation that triggers repeated bursts of air. A cough can be one event; coughing emphasizes the activity or repeated events.
例文
The coughing kept her awake throughout the night.
咳が夜中ずっと彼女を眠れなくさせた。
He could not stop coughing after inhaling the smoke.
彼は煙を吸い込んでから咳が止まらなかった。
Persistent coughing for more than two weeks should be checked by a doctor.
2週間以上続く咳は医師に診てもらうべきだ。
coughing の類義語・関連語
coughing の語源・成り立ち Etymology
coughing は cough「せきをする」に -ing が付いた形です。cough は古英語 cohhetan / cohhian に由来し、喉がごほっと鳴る感じを写した古い擬音的な語と考えられます。音のイメージがそのまま動作名になったので覚えやすく、関連語は cough, cougher です。
Coughing is the -ing form of cough. Cough comes from Old English forms such as cohhian and cohhetan, words that imitated or represented the harsh sound of the action. Its spelling and pronunciation changed over centuries, leaving the unusual modern correspondence in which gh is pronounced /f/. Adding -ing creates coughing without altering the base spelling. The form can name the activity itself or participate in a progressive verb construction.
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