defeating
敗北する
解説 Definition
defeating は defeat（打ち負かす、敗北させる）の-ing形です。試合や競争、戦いで相手に勝つ行為を表し、日本語の「敗北する」ではなく「敗北させる」に近い使い方です。
Defeating is the -ing form of defeat and means overcoming an opponent in a contest, battle, election, or other struggle. It is transitive, so the person or side that loses normally appears as its object.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 defeat に -ing を付けた現在分詞・動名詞で、語末の t は重ねず defeating とします。defeat は他動詞なので defeating an opponent のように、負ける側を目的語に取ります。「自分が敗北する」ではなく「相手を敗北させる」と捉え、losingとの向きを区別します。
Form defeating by adding -ing to defeat; do not double the final t. Keep the direction of the action clear: the subject wins, and the object is made to lose. Thus a team is defeating its rival means the team is ahead and overcoming the rival, not suffering a defeat itself. Learn it with direct objects such as defeating an opponent, defeating the champion, and defeating the enemy. Contrast it with losing to the champion, where the grammatical subject is the unsuccessful side.
例文
The team is defeating its rival by ten points.
そのチームはライバルを10点差で打ち負かしています。
She is defeating every opponent in the race.
彼女はそのレースで相手を次々と打ち負かしています。
Defeating the champion was the goal of the match.
チャンピオンを倒すことが、その試合の目標でした。
defeating の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
defeating の語源・成り立ち Etymology
「defeating」は defeat の現在分詞形です。defeat は古フランス語 desfaire／defaire「ほどく・だめにする」から来て、ラテン語 dis-「離して」+ facere「作る・する」にさかのぼる。関連語は fact, factory で、原義の「作られたものを壊す」から「打ち負かす」になった。
Defeating is the present-participle and gerund form of defeat. Defeat came through Old French desfaire or defaire, meaning “to undo” or “destroy,” and ultimately reflects Latin dis-, “apart,” plus facere, “to make or do.” The sense developed from undoing what had been done to overcoming an opposing person or force. English adds -ing directly to defeat to form defeating.
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