diode
ダイオード
解説 Definition
diode は、電流を主に一方向にだけ流す電子部品です。整流、保護、発光などに使われ、LED も発光ダイオードの一種です。
An electronic component with two terminals that allows electric current to pass much more readily in one direction than in the other. Diodes are used for rectification, circuit protection, signal processing, and, in the case of LEDs, producing light.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
di-「2つ」と -ode「道・電極に関わる要素」に分け、二つの端子の間で電流の通り方を制御する部品と覚えます。典型的な働きは電流を主に一方向へ通すことで、整流回路や保護回路に登場します。LED は light-emitting diode の略なので、発光する種類も同じ仲間だと結び付けましょう。
Break diode into di-, suggesting “two,” and -ode, connected with the idea of a path or electrode. A diode has two terminals and controls how current travels between them. Its key image is a one-way gate: current passes readily in one direction but is strongly restricted in the other. This explains its use in rectifiers and protective circuits. Also connect it with LED, short for light-emitting diode; an LED is simply a diode designed to produce light when current flows through it.
例文
A diode allows current to flow in only one direction.
ダイオードは電流を一方向にだけ流す。
The circuit uses a diode to protect the device.
その回路は装置を保護するためにダイオードを使っている。
An LED is a type of diode that produces light.
LEDは光を出すダイオードの一種だ。
diode の類義語・関連語
diode の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ギリシャ語の「ディア（2つ）」と「ホドス（道）」に由来し、電子が通過する2つの電極を持つ部品を指します。接頭辞 di- と語根 -ode に分解され、関連語に electrode（電極）や triode（三極管）があります。名称が素子の構造そのものを表すため、回路図で役割をイメージしやすい造語です。
Diode was created as a technical term from Greek-derived elements: di-, “two,” and a component related to hodos, “way” or “path.” The name referred to a device having two electrodes, in contrast with terms such as triode for a three-electrode device. Its form also connects naturally with electrode. The modern term covers semiconductor devices as well as earlier two-electrode electronic valves.
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