feu
封土
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
feu は主にスコットランドの歴史的な土地制度で使う語で、領主への金銭・役務と引き換えに世襲的に保有する土地やその権利を指します。古い「財産」の語から fee や feudal とつながる点を手掛かりにし、領主から土地を受け、その対価を定期的に納める場面で覚えましょう。フランス語 feu「火」とは文脈が異なります。
Learn feu through the historical Scottish scene of a superior granting land to a holder who owes a fixed payment or service. The word can name either the landholding or this type of hereditary tenure. Connect it with fee and feudal: all belong to a historical word family in which property, payment, and landholding became closely linked. This is a specialized legal and historical noun, so it is unlikely to mean an ordinary modern plot of land without that context. Do not confuse it with French feu, “fire,” which happens to have the same spelling but a different history.
feu の類義語・関連語
feu の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古フランス語 feu（封土・領地）に由来し、さらにゲルマン祖語 *fehu（家畜・財産）に遡る。中世封建制度で領主から与えられる土地を意味した。関連語: feudal（封建的な）、fee（報酬、同語源）。家畜＝財産という古代の価値観が土地制度の用語に発展した。
Feu entered Scots through medieval French vocabulary for a fief or feudal holding. It ultimately belongs to a Germanic word family represented by a reconstructed form meaning livestock or movable wealth, at a time when cattle were a major measure of property. The sense developed from valuable property to land granted under feudal obligations. English fee and feudal are historically related, although their modern meanings have followed different paths.
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