gens
世代
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
gens はラテン語から入った歴史・人類学上の名詞で、「同じ祖先から生まれた一族・氏族」が中心です。日本語の「世代」と結び付ける場合も、単なる同年代ではなく、印欧語根 gen-「生む」から子孫へ続くまとまりを意識しましょう。gene、generation、genus と同じ「出生・系統」の核を持ち、古代ローマの氏族を述べる場面が典型です。
Connect gens with the familiar words gene and generation. All point back to the central idea of birth, origin, or descent. In historical writing, picture an ancient Roman clan whose families claim a common ancestor and share a group name. That image captures gens more accurately than simply imagining people of the same age. The word can help explain a succession of descendants across generations, but its direct meaning is a lineage-based group. Also remember that gens is singular in this Latin-derived use; its traditional plural is gentes, a form mainly encountered in specialized historical or anthropological contexts.
gens の類義語・関連語
類義語
派生語
gens の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語の「gens（一族）」に由来し、印欧語根「*gen-（生む）」が源です。語の分解はなく、「同じ血筋から生まれる集団」を指します。関連語にgeneration（世代）やgene（遺伝子）があり、「生まれる→子孫へ繋がる」イメージから、時間を隔てた世代の意味と納得できます。
English borrowed gens directly from Latin gens, meaning a race, clan, people, or body connected by birth. It is related to Latin gignere, “to beget,” and ultimately to the Indo-European root commonly represented as gen-, “to give birth or produce.” The same broad root appears in gene, generation, genus, and progeny. In Roman usage, a gens comprised families understood to share ancestry and a common clan name, which explains the word’s emphasis on descent.
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