ゴルジ体
解説 Definition
細胞内の小器官で、タンパク質の修飾・選別・輸送を行うゴルジ体のこと。
The Golgi, also called the Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex, is a cell organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to other locations within or outside the cell.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
生物学では通常 Golgi と大文字にし、Golgi apparatus／Golgi complex（ゴルジ体）という形で覚える。細胞内で小胞体から来たタンパク質を修飾・選別し、輸送用に包装する「仕分け・発送センター」を思い浮かべると、典型的な働きと結び付く。
Golgi is normally capitalized because the organelle was named after Camillo Golgi. Learn it through the common terms Golgi apparatus and Golgi complex. Picture the Golgi as a cell’s sorting and shipping center: materials arrive from the endoplasmic reticulum, undergo modification, are sorted by destination, and are packaged into vesicles. This image connects the name with its key functions and helps distinguish the Golgi from organelles that mainly produce proteins or release energy.
例文
The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for transport within the cell.
ゴルジ体は細胞内の輸送のためにタンパク質を加工し包装する。
Students learned about the Golgi complex and its role in cellular secretion.
学生たちはゴルジ体と細胞分泌におけるその役割について学んだ。
A malfunction in the Golgi can lead to serious problems with protein distribution.
ゴルジ体の機能不全はタンパク質の分配に深刻な問題を引き起こす可能性がある。
golgi の類義語・関連語
類義語
派生語
紛らわしい語
golgi の語源・成り立ち Etymology
イタリアの医学者カミッロ・ゴルジ（Camillo Golgi, 1843-1926）の姓に由来。銀染色法を開発し細胞内小器官を発見、ノーベル賞を受賞した。姓は北イタリアの地名に由来するとされる。関連語：Golgi apparatus（ゴルジ装置）、Golgi stain（ゴルジ染色）。
Golgi is an eponym derived from the surname of the Italian physician and scientist Camillo Golgi. Using a silver-based staining technique, Golgi observed the intracellular structure that later became known as the Golgi apparatus. The English scientific terms Golgi apparatus, Golgi complex, and Golgi body preserve his capitalized surname; Golgi is therefore normally written with an initial capital in this biological sense.
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