grained
粒状の
解説 Definition
grained は grain（粒にする、木目を付ける）の過去形・過去分詞で、形容詞としては粒状の、または木目のあるという意味です。ここでは、表面や材料が細かな粒をもつ状態を表すときに使います。
Having a surface, texture, or structure marked by small visible particles or grains. In this sense, it describes materials or mixtures that appear granular rather than completely smooth.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
grain「粒・木目」に -ed が付いた形で、ここでは「細かな粒をもつ」という形容詞。発音は grain /ɡreɪn/ に /d/ を加えた /ɡreɪnd/。「a grained surface」「become grained」の形で、滑らかな面ではなく粒が見える粉や混合物を思い浮かべる。
Grained is built from grain plus -ed and is pronounced /ɡreɪnd/, with a final /d/. Start with the familiar noun grain, a small hard particle or seed, and picture a surface covered with many tiny grains. That image gives the adjective its meaning: visibly granular rather than smooth. Useful combinations include a grained surface, a finely grained material, and become grained after cooling. In other contexts grained can refer to a visible grain pattern, especially in wood, but the examples here focus on small particles in a material.
例文
The powder looked dry and grained under the light.
その粉は光の下で乾いて粒状に見えました。
A grained surface helps the paint stick evenly.
粒状の表面は、塗料が均一に付く助けになります。
After cooling, the mixture became firm and grained.
冷えると、その混合物は固く粒状になりました。
grained の類義語・関連語
grained の語源・成り立ち Etymology
grained は grain「粒」+ -ed。grain は古フランス語を経てラテン語 granum「穀粒」に由来し、もとは小さな種や粒を表しました。そこから「粒状の」「木目のある」という意味が自然に出ます。関連語は granular, granary。
Grained consists of grain and the suffix -ed. Grain came into English through Old French from Latin granum, meaning “seed” or “kernel.” Its meaning expanded from an individual cereal seed to any small particle and then to visible texture or pattern in a material. Accordingly, grained can describe something containing small particles or showing a grainlike surface, including the granular materials represented in these examples.
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