hanse
ハンザ同盟
解説 Definition
ハンセ、またはハンザ同盟。中世ヨーロッパの商人同盟。
The Hanse was the medieval commercial association better known in English as the Hanseatic League. It linked merchant groups and towns, especially around the Baltic and North Seas, to protect trading interests and exercise economic influence across northern Europe.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
Hanse は中低ドイツ語で「商人の組合」を表した語から、中世北ヨーロッパの商業同盟を指す。merchant guilds、Baltic trade、Northern Europe という三つの手掛かりで覚える。形容詞 Hanseatic は Hanseatic League「ハンザ同盟」や Hanseatic cities「ハンザ都市」の形で頻出する。固有名詞では大文字にする。
Connect the Hanse with merchants, cities, and Baltic trade. Imagine a network of northern European ports whose merchants cooperate to protect routes and commercial privileges. The name comes from a Germanic word for a group or association, so the central memory is “a group formed for trade.” Pair the noun with its much more familiar adjective Hanseatic: the Hanse, the Hanseatic League, Hanseatic cities, and Hanseatic trade. These collocations also prevent confusion with an individual guild or a modern political union. When it names the historical league, write Hanse with a capital H and normally use the definite article: the Hanse.
例文
The Hanse was a powerful medieval league of merchant guilds.
ハンセは商人ギルドの強力な中世同盟でした。
Hanseatic cities controlled much of the Baltic trade.
ハンザ都市はバルト海貿易の大部分を制御していました。
The Hanse's influence extended across Northern Europe.
ハンセの影響は北ヨーロッパに広がっていました。
hanse の類義語・関連語
hanse の語源・成り立ち Etymology
中低ドイツ語 hanse（商人の組合）が語源で、古高ドイツ語 hansa（集団・一隊）に遡る。中世に北ドイツ諸都市の商人が結成した通商同盟を指す。英語 Hanseatic（ハンザの）も同根。ゴート語 hansa（軍隊）とも関連する。
Hanse comes from Middle Low German hanse, meaning a company, association, or guild of merchants. It is related to Old High German hansa, “group” or “band,” and to comparable Germanic words referring to an organized company. The term became the name of the medieval trading association centered on northern German towns and active around the Baltic and North Seas. English Hanseatic, especially in Hanseatic League, is formed from the same historical name.
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