hindustani
ヒンドゥスターニ語
解説 Definition
南アジアで広く話されている言語で、ヒンディー語とウルドゥー語の基盤となる。
Hindustani is the broadly shared language base underlying standard Hindi and Urdu, especially their mutually intelligible colloquial forms across northern India and Pakistan. The word also functions adjectivally in names such as Hindustani classical music, referring to the northern Indian tradition.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
Hindustani は Hindustan「ヒンドゥスターン」＋「～の」を表すペルシャ語系の -i から成る名称です。言語なら Hindi と Urdu に共通する口語的基盤、音楽なら Hindustani classical music という北インド系の伝統を指すので、後続語と文脈で意味を判別しましょう。
Break Hindustani into Hindustan and the Persian-derived ending -i, meaning “of or relating to.” This makes the central idea “of Hindustan.” In language contexts, Hindustani refers to the shared colloquial base from which standardized Hindi and Urdu are understood, despite differences in script and formal vocabulary. In music, the fixed expression Hindustani classical music names the northern Indian classical tradition. Watch the following noun and the surrounding topic: language, grammar, and lingua franca signal the linguistic sense, while musician, raga, and classical music signal the musical adjective.
例文
Hindustani serves as a lingua franca across much of northern India and Pakistan.
ヒンドゥスターニ語は、インド北部とパキスタンの多くの地域で共通語として機能している。
The musician studied Hindustani classical music for ten years under a renowned master.
その音楽家は著名な師匠のもとで10年間ヒンドゥスターニ古典音楽を学んだ。
Hindustani encompasses both Hindi and Urdu, which share a common grammatical structure.
ヒンドゥスターニ語はヒンディー語とウルドゥー語の両方を包含し、共通の文法構造を持つ。
hindustani の類義語・関連語
hindustani の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ペルシャ語 Hindustan（ヒンドゥーの地）+ 接尾辞 -i（～の）に由来。Hindu はサンスクリット語 Sindhu（インダス川）から。北インドの共通語としてヒンディー語・ウルドゥー語の基盤となった言語を指す。India も同根。
Hindustani comes from Persian Hindustani, literally “of Hindustan,” formed from Hindustan and the relational suffix -i. Hindustan means “land of Hind,” while Hind ultimately reflects the name of the Indus region, from Sanskrit Sindhu, the Indus River. The term became associated with the widely shared speech of northern India and later with the common linguistic base of Hindi and Urdu. India and Indus belong to the same historical name family.
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