hydrometer
比重計
解説 Definition
比重計。液体の密度を測定する装置。
A hydrometer is a tool used to measure the density or specific gravity of a liquid. It is commonly used in science, brewing, and other fields where the strength or concentration of a liquid matters. The device usually floats in the liquid and gives a reading based on how high it sits.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
hydro- は hydrate や hydroelectric に出る「水・液体」の印、-meter は thermometer や speedometer と同じく「測る器具」。この2つを見れば hydrometer は『液体について何かを測る道具』と押さえやすい。実際に測るのは温度ではなく liquid の density / specific gravity。酒造や化学で液の濃さを見る場面を結びつけると残る。似た形の hygrometer は湿度計なので混同注意。
The parts help a lot here: `hydro-` means water or liquid, and `-meter` means a measuring tool. So even before the exact meaning, you can remember it as a device that measures something about liquid. Be careful not to confuse it with `hygrometer`, which measures humidity, not liquid.
例文
A hydrometer measures the sugar content in wine.
比重計はワインの砂糖含量を測定します。
The hydrometer floats at different depths depending on liquid density.
比重計は液体の密度に応じて異なる深さで浮きます。
Brewers use hydrometers to monitor fermentation progress.
ブルワーは発酵の進行を監視するために比重計を使用します。
hydrometer の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
hydrometer の語源・成り立ち Etymology
hydrometer は近代ラテン語経由で、ギリシャ語 hydor「水」+ metron「測るもの」からできた語です。原義は『水や液体を測る器具』で、そこから液体の比重を量る道具を指すようになり、同じ語根に hydrate, thermometer があります。
Hydrometer comes from Greek roots meaning "water" and "measure." The parts are hydor "water" and metron "measure," which gave the basic sense of a tool for measuring water or liquids. Over time it became the name for an instrument used to measure properties such as liquid density; compare hydrate and thermometer.
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう