lis
リス
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
lis は、ここでは現代英語の squirrel に相当する古い語として扱います。日常では lis を使わず squirrel と言う点をまず押さえ、語源説明のギリシャ語 skia「影」＋ oura「尾」から、樹上で大きな尾を影のように動かすリスを思い浮かべましょう。現代フランス語 lis「ユリ」や fleur-de-lis の lis とは区別が必要です。
Treat lis as a historical dictionary item rather than a word for everyday conversation. For the animal intended here, modern English uses squirrel. Remember the traditional “shadow-tail” image behind squirrel: Greek skia means “shadow,” and oura means “tail,” fitting an animal whose large tail moves above its body as it climbs and hides among branches. This gives you a concrete picture even though lis itself is no longer the current English term. Also avoid confusing this entry with French lis, “lily,” most familiar to English learners in the expression fleur-de-lis.
lis の類義語・関連語
lis の語源・成り立ち Etymology
語源はギリシャ語のskia（影）＋oura（尾）で「影のように動く尾の動物」が原義です。中世仏語を経て英語に取り込まれ、現行のsquirrelへ定着しました。関連語に生物学接辞uro-があり、樹上で姿を隠す生態が名前の由来だと納得できます。
The animal sense recorded here is associated with the history represented by modern squirrel. Squirrel ultimately comes from Greek skiouros, traditionally analyzed from skia, “shadow,” and oura, “tail,” through Latin sciurus and medieval French forms. The name evokes the animal’s prominent tail, which can arch over or shade its body. In present-day English, squirrel is the established form; lis is treated as archaic here and should not be confused with French lis, meaning “lily.”
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