matriarchy
母系制
解説 Definition
母系家族制度。相続と社会的地位が母親の血統を通じて伝わる社会体制。
Matriarchy is a social system in which women, especially mothers, have the main power or authority. It can describe a family, group, or society where leadership and influence are centered on women. In careful use, it often suggests more than family descent and focuses on power and control.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
matri- は maternity / maternal の「母」、-archy は monarchy, hierarchy などに見える「支配・体制」。この2つを合わせて「母の側を軸に成り立つ社会制度」と分解すると覚えやすい。対になる patriarchy(父系制・家父長制)とセットで並べると混同しにくい。ポイントは“母親が強い家庭”というだけでなく、血統・相続・社会的地位が母方ラインで受け継がれる仕組みを指すこと。matriarch(女家長)も同じ matri- なので一緒に結ぶと定着しやすい。
Start with `matri-`, the same family as `maternal` and `mother`. The ending `-archy` often appears in words about systems or rule, so think of a social system connected to the mother’s side. It is useful to remember it next to `patriarchy` or `patrilineal` as the contrasting pattern.
例文
Some cultures practice matriarchy where women hold the primary power.
女性が主要な力を持つ母系制を実践している文化もある。
Anthropologists studied matriarchy in ancient societies.
人類学者は古代社会の母系制を研究した。
Matriarchy systems emphasize the role of mothers and grandmothers.
母系制度は母親と祖母の役割を強調している。
matriarchy の類義語・関連語
matriarchy の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 mater(母)とギリシャ語 arkhē(支配)の合成語。matri-(母)+ -archy(支配体制)で「母が支配する制度」。関連語: maternity(母性)、monarchy(君主制)。父系制 patriarchy と対をなす語。
Matriarchy was formed from Latin mater, meaning "mother," and the Greek-based ending -archy, meaning "rule" or "government." It was built in English on the pattern of words like patriarchy and monarchy. The idea developed from "rule by mothers" to the broader social and political sense of a mother-led system.
同じレベルの英単語をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう