osteoarthritis
変形性関節症
解説 Definition
関節軟骨が加齢とともに摩耗して変形する疾患です。主に高齢者に見られ、関節の痛みと可動性の低下を引き起こします。
Osteoarthritis is a common medical condition in which the joints become painful and stiff because the protective tissue in them wears down over time. It often affects older adults and commonly appears in the knees, hips, hands, or spine. The word is mainly used in medical and health contexts.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
まず arthritis を「関節炎」で固定し、そこに医療語でよく出る osteo- が付くと「骨・関節まわりのタイプ」と捉えると覚えやすいです。実際には高齢者のひざ・股関節でよく聞く、使い減り型の関節トラブルとして記憶すると定着します。単なる inflammation の響きより、「長年の負荷で軟骨がすり減って痛む」という場面を思い浮かべるのがコツです。rheumatoid arthritis と違い、wear and tear, knee osteoarthritis, hip osteoarthritis などの形で出やすい語です。
Use the parts: `osteo-` often relates to bone, and `arthritis` relates to joints. This helps you remember it as a bone-and-joint kind of arthritis. It often appears in phrases like `knee osteoarthritis`, so connect it with age, wear, and long use.
例文
Osteoarthritis is common in elderly people and causes joint pain.
変形性関節症は高齢者で一般的で、関節痛を引き起こします。
The doctor diagnosed her with osteoarthritis in her knees.
医者は彼女に膝の変形性関節症と診断しました。
Treatment for osteoarthritis includes physical therapy and medication.
変形性関節症の治療には理学療法と投薬が含まれます。
osteoarthritis の類義語・関連語
osteoarthritis の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ギリシャ語 osteo-「骨」+ arthr-「関節」+ -itis「炎症」から成る語です。osteoporosis や arthritis と同根で、語の形だけで「骨と関節に起こる炎症性の病態」という輪郭が読めます。
Osteoarthritis is built from Greek roots: osteo- "bone," arthr- "joint," and -itis "inflammation." Its form shows how scientific Greek elements were combined in medical English to describe a condition involving bones and joints. The meaning developed in modern medicine as a technical name rather than an everyday word. Related words include osteoporosis and arthritis.
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