playing
遊んでいる
解説 Definition
playing は play（遊ぶ、演奏する）の現在分詞・動名詞です。ここでは「遊んでいる」という進行中の動作を表し、be 動詞と一緒に使われることが多いです。
Playing is the present participle of play and, in this sense, describes taking part in a game or enjoyable activity. With a form of be, it indicates that the activity is in progress, as in “The children are playing outside.”
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
play「遊ぶ」に -ing を付けた現在分詞・動名詞で、語末の y は変えず playing と書きます。ここでは be 動詞＋playing の進行形に注目し、children are playing outside のように「今、遊んでいる」と覚えましょう。楽器なら「演奏している」になるため、目的語と場面で語義を判断します。
Form playing by adding -ing directly to play; the final y stays unchanged. For the target sense, picture children actively enjoying a game or activity at this moment. A form of be plus playing creates the progressive construction: are playing means “are engaged in play now.” Useful patterns include playing outside, playing with a friend, and playing in the park. Remember that play has other meanings, especially performing music, acting a role, or participating in a sport. The surrounding words tell you which sense is intended, but a simple playground scene anchors the meaning “having fun or playing a game.”
例文
The children are playing outside.
子どもたちは外で遊んでいます。
He is playing with his sister.
彼は妹と遊んでいます。
They are playing in the park.
彼らは公園で遊んでいます。
playing の類義語・関連語
playing の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 plegian（「運動する、遊ぶ」）に由来し、ゲルマン祖語 *plegōn-（「身を動かす、従事する」）にさかのぼる。原義は「活発に動くこと」で、遊戯・演奏・演劇など多義に発展した。関連語に player（選手）、playful（遊び好きな）がある。
Playing is the -ing form of play. Play comes from Old English plegian, meaning “to exercise, move actively, frolic, or play,” and belongs to a Germanic group of words associated with movement and activity. Its senses expanded from lively physical activity to games, sports, dramatic performance, and musical performance. Modern words such as player and playful are transparently formed from the same base.
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