subject
意味一覧 (2件)
主題、科目
解説 Definition
subject は、議論・記事・報告書・授業で取り上げる中心項目を指します。change the subject の「話題」、favorite subject の「得意科目」のように、会話の流れや学習分野を指定する場面でよく使われます。
A subject is the main thing that is being talked about, studied, or written about. It can mean the topic of a conversation, article, or report, and it can also mean an area of study at school, such as math or history. In everyday English, it is common in phrases like change the subject and favorite subject. Compared with topic, subject is used more often for classes, research, and formal writing.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この語は「人の注意が向かう先」を表すと考えると、会話と学校の用法をまとめて理解できます。change the subject は相手の注意先を別の話題へ移す表現、the subject of the report は報告書が扱う中心項目です。topic より授業・研究・文書にも広がり、theme ほど作品全体の思想には寄りません。文法では subject/object の対になるので、立場の違いも意識しましょう。
Think of subject as the thing a person's attention is directed toward. In change the subject, you move someone's attention to a different topic, and in the subject of the report, it is the central thing the report deals with. It is wider than topic because it is also used for school classes, research, and formal writing. In grammar, remember that subject is paired with object, so the two words show different roles.
例文
History was always my favorite subject at school.
歴史は学校でいつも私の好きな科目でした。
The subject of today's meeting is customer feedback.
今日の会議の主題は顧客の意見です。
When the question became uncomfortable, he quickly changed the subject.
その質問が気まずくなると、彼はすぐに話題を変えました。
さらす
(意味 2)解説 Definition
動詞 subject は、人や物を危険・批判・検査・圧力などの下に置き、経験させることを表します。多くは be subjected to ... の受動形で、本人の意思に関係なく外部の力を受ける硬い表現です。
To subject someone or something to something means to make them experience it, especially something unpleasant, difficult, or harmful. This verb is common in formal English and is often used with the pattern "subject someone to something." It is also often seen in the passive form.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
subject A to B は「AをBの支配下・影響下に置く」と型で覚えるのが実用的です。B には criticism, pressure, stress, tests, rules など、負担や制約を伴うものが来やすく、単に見せる expose より制度的・強制的な響きがあります。名詞の「対象」が、何かの力の下に置かれるという動詞用法へ広がったと見ると意味のつながりもつかめます。
Remember the pattern `subject A to B`. The `B` part is often something unpleasant, like pressure, stress, criticism, or testing. You will also often see `be subjected to`, which helps you feel the idea of being put under some outside force.
例文
Workers in the factory were subjected to dangerous chemicals.
工場の作業員は危険な化学物質にさらされていた。
The new policy subjects all employees to regular performance reviews.
新しいポリシーにより、すべての従業員が定期的な業績評価にさらされる。
Children should not be subjected to excessive stress.
子どもたちは過度なストレスにさらされるべきではない。
subject を含む表現
句動詞・イディオムなど 3 件。クリックで各表現の詳細へ。
subject の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 sub-「下に」+ jacere「投げる」に由来し、もとは「下に置かれたもの」の意。そこから考察や支配の対象、議論で扱う対象としての「主題」へ広がりました。
Subject comes from Latin sub- meaning "under" and jacere meaning "to throw." It originally meant something placed underneath, and later came to mean something under discussion, control, or attention. From that idea, it developed the meaning of a topic or area of study.
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