sahara
サハラ砂漠
解説 Definition
アフリカ大陸北部に広がる世界最大の砂漠。面積は約900万平方キロメートルに及ぶ。
The Sahara is the vast hot desert extending across much of North Africa. It is the world’s largest hot desert and includes sandy dunes, rocky plateaus, mountains, and other extremely dry landscapes.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
Sahara は北アフリカのサハラ砂漠を指す固有名詞で、通常は the Sahara と定冠詞を付け、大文字で書きます。名称自体がアラビア語で「砂漠」を意味するため、Sahara Desert は意味上「砂漠＋砂漠」のような組み合わせです。largest hot desert、cross the Sahara などの表現と結びつけましょう。
Remember Sahara as a proper geographical name, normally capitalized and used with the: the Sahara. The name comes from an Arabic word meaning “desert,” so the expression Sahara Desert effectively repeats the idea of desert, although it is standard English. Link the word with North Africa rather than with every sandy landscape: the Sahara stretches across several countries and contains rock, gravel, and mountains as well as dunes. Useful combinations include cross the Sahara, temperatures in the Sahara, and the world’s largest hot desert. The last phrase matters because Antarctica is larger but is a cold desert.
例文
The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world.
サハラ砂漠は世界最大の高温砂漠です。
Temperatures in the Sahara can exceed 50 degrees Celsius during summer.
サハラ砂漠の気温は夏には摂氏50度を超えることがあります。
Nomadic tribes have crossed the Sahara along trade routes for centuries.
遊牧民は何世紀にもわたって交易路に沿ってサハラ砂漠を横断してきました。
sahara の類義語・関連語
sahara の語源・成り立ち Etymology
アラビア語 ṣaḥrāʾ（صحراء）から。意味は「砂漠」そのもので、語根 ṣ-ḥ-r は「赤褐色・荒野」を表す。つまり Sahara Desert は「砂漠砂漠」という重複表現になっている。関連語: サヘル（Sahel、アラビア語で「岸辺」＝砂漠の縁）。
Sahara entered European languages from Arabic ṣaḥrāʾ, meaning “desert” or “desert land.” It is associated with an Arabic root connected with open, barren, or reddish-brown land. Because the name itself means “desert,” Sahara Desert is semantically repetitive, though entirely conventional in English. The related regional name Sahel comes from Arabic sāḥil, “shore” or “coast,” describing the belt along the Sahara’s southern edge.
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