ショック
解説 Definition
shock は、強い驚きや精神的な衝撃という意味です。日本語の「ショック」と近い使い方をしますが、英語では電気ショックや医学的なショックを指すこともあります。
A shock is a sudden and powerful feeling of surprise, distress, or disbelief caused by an unexpected event. The noun can also refer to the harmful physical effects of an electric current or to a serious medical condition involving inadequate blood circulation.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
「衝突」を原点に、外から強く打たれる感覚が心にも及ぶと捉えると覚えやすい語です。a shock to me、give someone a shock の形が典型的です。単なる surprise より衝撃が強く、electric shock は感電、medical shock は循環不全を表すので文脈で区別します。
Picture an unexpected event as a physical blow that strikes the mind: that is the central image behind shock. Learn it in common patterns such as “the news was a shock to me” and “give someone a shock.” It is generally stronger and more disturbing than a simple surprise. Context is important because an electric shock is an injury caused by electricity, while medical shock is a dangerous failure of circulation. In the examples here, the word describes a strong emotional reaction to sudden news, words, or an accident.
例文
The news was a shock to me.
その知らせは私にはショックでした。
She felt shock after the accident.
彼女は事故のあとショックを受けました。
His sudden words gave everyone a shock.
彼の突然の言葉にみんながショックを受けました。
shock の類義語・関連語
shock の語源・成り立ち Etymology
shockはフランス語choc「衝突・激突」に由来し、動詞choquer「ぶつける」とつながる語です。もとは物理的な強い打撃を指しましたが、心や神経まで強く打たれる感覚へ広がって「ショック」の意味になりました。
English shock came through French choc, meaning a collision or violent impact, and is connected with the verb choquer, “to strike against.” Its earliest senses concerned a physical blow or clash. The meaning later expanded naturally to an event that seems to strike the mind or nervous system, producing intense surprise or distress. The electrical and medical senses likewise retain the idea of a sudden, harmful physical disturbance.
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