盗んだ
解説 Definition
stole は steal（盗む）の過去形です。「盗んだ」という意味で、許可なく他人の物を取ったことを表します。過去分詞は stolen なので使い分けに注意します。
The simple past form of steal, describing the act of taking something that belonged to another person without permission or legal right. The corresponding past participle is stolen, not stole.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
ここでの stole は steal「盗む」の不規則な過去形で、steal–stole–stolen と母音と語尾が変化します。過去分詞には stole ではなく stolen を使う点が重要です。stole my bag、stole money from the desk のように「盗んだ物＋from＋場所・人」の形で覚えます。
Learn the complete irregular pattern steal–stole–stolen. Stole is only the simple past in this sense: “Someone stole my bag.” For a perfect tense or passive construction, use stolen, as in “The bike was stolen.” The vowel change from ea in steal to o in stole is the key form change, so do not add -ed. Practice the common structure “stole something from someone or somewhere,” as in “stole money from the desk.” Also remember that a stole can be a type of long garment, but that noun is unrelated to the past-tense meaning required here.
例文
Someone stole my bag.
誰かが私のかばんを盗みました。
He stole money from the desk.
彼は机からお金を盗みました。
The thief stole a bike last night.
その泥棒は昨夜、自転車を盗みました。
stole の類義語・関連語
stole の語源・成り立ち Etymology
stole はここでは動詞 steal の過去形で、語源は古英語 stelan「盗む」、さらにゲルマン祖語 *stelaną にさかのぼります。関連語に steal、stealth があり、「こっそり奪う」感覚が過去形 stole にそのまま残ると考えると意味がつかみやすいです。
Stole is the inherited past-tense form of steal. The verb comes from Old English stelan, “to steal,” and is related to cognates elsewhere in the Germanic languages, ultimately reflecting a Proto-Germanic verb reconstructed as stelaną. Its irregular vowel change is the result of an old Germanic strong-verb pattern rather than the modern -ed rule. The related past participle is stolen, preserving a distinct ending.
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