自閉症
解説 Definition
社会的な相互作用や非言語的コミュニケーションの困難を特徴とする発達障害。独特なパターンの行動や関心を示す。
Autism is a developmental condition that affects how a person communicates, interacts, and experiences the world. It is usually understood as a spectrum, so different people may have very different strengths, needs, and behaviors. The word is mainly used in medical, educational, and social discussions.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
auto- を見たら automatic, autonomy などの「self」を思い出すと、つづりが定着しやすい。autism は医学・発達の文脈で autism spectrum disorder や diagnosed with autism, children/adults with autism の形でよく見かける。単なる shyness や introversion の言い換えではなく、autistic は形容詞、autism は名詞という品詞差も一緒に押さえると混同しにくい。
The beginning `auto-` can help you remember the spelling because you may know it from words like `automatic` or `autonomy`. `Autism` often appears in set phrases such as `autism spectrum disorder` or `diagnosed with autism`. Also remember the form difference: `autism` is the noun, while `autistic` is the adjective.
例文
Autism spectrum disorder affects communication and behavior.
自閉症スペクトラム障害はコミュニケーションと行動に影響を与える。
Many individuals with autism have exceptional talents in specific areas.
自閉症を持つ多くの人は特定の分野で優れた才能を持っている。
Early diagnosis of autism can help with proper support and education.
自閉症の早期診断は適切なサポートと教育に役立つ。
autism の類義語・関連語
派生語
autism の語源・成り立ち Etymology
autism はドイツ語 Autismus を経て、ギリシャ語 autos「自己」+ -ismos「状態」からできた語です。auto や autonomy と同じ自己の核があり、語源を知ると「内側へ向かう状態」という名づけの発想が見えてきます。
Autism comes from German Autismus, formed from Greek autos meaning "self" and -ismos meaning "state" or "condition." The word was created to express the idea of being turned inward toward the self. The same Greek root appears in English words like auto and autonomy.
同じレベルの英単語をもっと
英検1級の一覧へ →外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう