batten
太る
解説 Definition
充分に食べて太ることです。特に動物が給餌期間に体が大きくなり、食べ物が豊富なときに成長する様子を指します。
To batten means to grow fat or become stronger and more successful, often because conditions are favorable. In the phrase batten on, it can also mean to benefit from someone else's weakness, money, or trouble. This word is not very common in everyday speech and often appears in formal or literary writing.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
`batten` はまず `fatten`(太らせる/太る)を知っていると覚えやすいです。つづりも響きもかなり近く、意味も「えさが十分で体がふっくら大きくなる」方向。人が少し太るというより、家畜や動物がたっぷり食べて肥える場面を思い浮かべると定着します。`batten down` の `batten` とは別用法なので混同注意。食べ物が豊富で動物が丸々していく映像と結びつけるのがコツです。
Remember `batten` by linking it to `fatten` because they look and sound close. It often suggests animals growing fat when food is plentiful, so the image is stronger than a simple `gain weight`. The phrase `batten on` is also useful to remember because it often carries the idea of feeding greedily or living off something.
例文
The animals batten during the feeding season.
動物は給餌期間中に太る。
He battened on the abundant food available.
彼は豊富な食料を貪欲に食べて太った。
The cattle batten in the pasture throughout the spring.
牛は春を通じて牧草地で太る。
batten の類義語・関連語
batten の語源・成り立ち Etymology
この batten は「太る・栄える」の語義で、古ノルド語 batna「よくなる、回復する」に由来します。もともと「状態がよくなる」が、栄養がついて肥える意味へ発展しました。同系語として better が挙げられます。
This sense of batten comes from Old Norse batna, meaning "to get better" or "to recover." The original idea was general improvement in condition. Over time, in English, it came to mean thriving well or growing fat from good feeding. It is related in origin to better.
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