battered
ボロボロの
解説 Definition
「battered」は、繰り返しの打撃や過酷な使用によってひどく傷んだり、ボロボロになった状態を表す形容詞です。物だけでなく、人が暴力を受けた状態を表す際にも使われます。長期間の使用や虐待によって損傷を受けたものに対して使われることが多いです。
Battered describes a person, place, or object that has been badly damaged, injured, or worn down by repeated blows, violence, harsh treatment, heavy use, or destructive events. It can refer to visible physical damage or the condition of someone subjected to abuse.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
動詞 batter「何度も激しく打つ」の過去分詞からできた形容詞で、「打撃の結果、ひどく傷んだ」が核。a battered suitcase なら使い古されてボロボロ、a battered town なら災害で大きく損傷、battered women なら暴力を受けた女性を表す。単なる old より損傷の強さを意識する。
Start with the verb batter, meaning to strike repeatedly and violently. Battered is its past participle used as an adjective, so imagine the damaged condition left after many blows or prolonged rough treatment. A battered suitcase has survived hard travel, a battered town has suffered severe destruction, and a battered person has experienced physical violence. The word is stronger than old or used: it emphasizes serious damage, wear, or injury caused over time or by a forceful event. Keep this adjective separate from battered food, where batter means coating food with a flour-and-liquid mixture before cooking.
例文
He carried a battered old suitcase that had seen many travels.
彼は、多くの旅を経てボロボロになった古いスーツケースを持っていた。
The battered town slowly began to recover after the hurricane.
ひどく被害を受けた街は、ハリケーンの後にゆっくりと復興し始めた。
The organization provides shelter for battered women and children.
その団体は、暴力を受けた女性と子どもたちに避難場所を提供している。
battered の類義語・関連語
類義語
派生語
紛らわしい語
battered の語源・成り立ち Etymology
battered は batter「何度も打つ」の過去分詞で、古フランス語 batre、さらに俗ラテン語 battere に由来します。もとは「繰り返し打ちたたく」が核なので、「ボロボロの」という意味は、打たれて傷みきった状態だと考えると納得しやすいです。関連語は battery, battle です。
Battered is formed from batter plus the regular past-participle ending -ed. Batter entered English through Old French batre, “to beat or strike,” from Late Latin battere, a variant associated with Latin battuere, “to beat.” Its repeated-striking sense produced the adjective meaning badly damaged or worn by blows and harsh use. The culinary adjective battered comes from a different developed sense of batter, the liquid coating used on food.
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