bursitis
滑液包炎
解説 Definition
関節周辺の液体で満たされた袋（滑液包）の炎症。痛みや腫れを引き起こす医学的状態。
Bursitis is a painful condition caused by inflammation of a small fluid-filled sac near a joint. It often affects areas like the shoulder, elbow, or knee and can make movement difficult. The word is mainly used in medical and health contexts.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
医学語で `-itis` が付けばまず「炎症」と押さえると、bursitis も一気に覚えやすくなります。前半の `burs-` は見慣れなくても、関節まわりの小さなクッション袋を指す語としてまとめて記憶するとよいです。`arthritis` が関節そのものの炎症なのに対し、`bursitis` はその周囲の袋の炎症。肩・肘・膝などの使いすぎで起こる場面と結びつけると定着します。
The ending `-itis` is the key memory hook: it often signals inflammation in medical words. So when you see `bursitis`, you can quickly think `something inflamed`. Keep it next to `arthritis` in memory, but note that this one is about the small sac around a joint, not the joint itself.
例文
He was diagnosed with bursitis in his shoulder after the injury.
怪我の後、彼は肩の滑液包炎と診断された。
Bursitis can be treated with rest and anti-inflammatory medication.
滑液包炎は安静と抗炎症薬で治療できる。
The runner developed bursitis from repetitive movements.
ランナーは繰り返しの動きから滑液包炎を発症した。
bursitis の類義語・関連語
bursitis の語源・成り立ち Etymology
bursitis は bursa「袋・嚢」+ -itis「炎症」から成る医学語です。bursa は中世ラテン語を経てギリシャ語 byrsa「革袋」にさかのぼり、purse や bursary と同系なので、関節の小さな「袋」が炎症を起こす病名だと腑に落ちます。
Bursitis is a medical term built from bursa and -itis, the suffix for inflammation. Bursa comes from Medieval Latin and ultimately from Greek byrsa, meaning leather or a leather bag; related words include purse and bursary. The word came to mean inflammation of a small sac in the body because that structure was understood as a little bag.
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