congratulating
おめでとう
解説 Definition
congratulating は congratulate（お祝いを述べる、祝う）の現在分詞・動名詞です。人の成功やよい知らせに対して「おめでとう」と伝えている場面で使います。
The present participle and gerund of congratulate, meaning expressing pleasure and approval to someone because of a success, achievement, or happy event. It commonly takes a person as its object and uses on before the reason for the congratulations.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
congratulate「人に祝いを述べる」の語末 e を落として -ing を付けた現在分詞・動名詞です。congratulating Maya on her new job のように congratulate＋人＋on＋成功・出来事の型で覚えます。自分も相手と共に喜び、「おめでとう」と伝えている場面を結び付けましょう。
Form congratulating by removing the final silent e from congratulate and adding -ing. Its memory core is sharing another person’s happiness by saying something equivalent to “congratulations.” Learn the full pattern congratulating someone on something: congratulating Maya on her new job, the team on its victory, or students on their graduation. The direct object is the person or group receiving the message, while on introduces the achievement or happy event. This is more specific than praising, because it responds to success or good news rather than simply describing someone’s qualities favorably.
例文
Everyone is congratulating Maya on her new job.
みんながマヤの新しい仕事についてお祝いを述べています。
He smiled while congratulating the winning team.
彼は優勝チームにお祝いを述べながらほほえみました。
The principal began by congratulating the students on their graduation.
校長はまず、生徒たちの卒業を祝う言葉から始めました。
congratulating の類義語・関連語
congratulating の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語の「共に」を意味するcon-と「喜ぶ」の語根gratが合わさり、「共に喜ぶ」という動詞congratulariが生まれました。同語根にgratitude（感謝）があり、他人の喜びを共に分かち合う本来のイメージが、そのまま「おめでとう」と祝福する現代の意味に繋がっています。
Congratulating is the -ing form of congratulate, made by dropping the verb’s final silent e before adding -ing. Congratulate comes through Latin congratulari, formed with con-, “together” or “with,” and gratulari, “to express joy” or “give thanks.” Its original structure therefore conveys rejoicing with another person. The root is connected with Latin gratus, “pleasing” or “thankful,” also found in gratitude and grateful. The historical idea remains clear in the modern act of sharing someone’s happiness over good news.
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