drawbridge
跳ね橋
解説 Definition
中世の城塞の出入口に設置され、上下に動く橋。敵の侵入を防ぐための防御機構です。
A drawbridge is a bridge that can be raised and lowered to let boats pass or to block entry. It is often connected with castles in history, but it can also refer to modern movable bridges. The word is usually used for a bridge with a lifting part.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
bridge はそのまま「橋」。ポイントは draw が「絵を描く」ではなく、「引く・引き上げる」の意味で使われていることです。draw the curtain, draw water の draw と同じ発想で、「引いて動かす橋」→跳ね橋と覚えると定着します。城や moat（堀）と一緒に思い浮かべると記憶しやすい語です。普通の bridge は固定、drawbridge は上げ下げできて防御用、という違いもセットで押さえると混同しません。
In this word, `draw` does not mean making a picture. Think of `draw the curtain` or `draw water`, where `draw` means pull or lift. A `drawbridge` is a bridge you can pull up, often pictured at a castle over a moat.
例文
The castle's drawbridge was raised to prevent the enemy from entering.
城の跳ね橋は敵の侵入を防ぐために上げられた。
The drawbridge creaked as it was slowly lowered for the arriving guests.
到着した客のために跳ね橋がゆっくり下ろされたときに軋む音がした。
In medieval times, the drawbridge served as both an entrance and a defensive feature.
中世の時代、跳ね橋は出入口と防御的機能の両方として機能した。
drawbridge の類義語・関連語
drawbridge の語源・成り立ち Etymology
drawbridge は draw「引く」（古英語 dragan 由来）と bridge「橋」（古英語 brycg）から成る語です。もとは“引いて上げる橋”の直訳で、城門前の橋の仕組みがそのまま名になりました。関連語に drag、withdraw があります。
Drawbridge is a compound of draw and bridge. Draw comes from Old English dragan, meaning "to pull," and bridge comes from Old English brycg. The word originally meant a bridge that could be pulled up, especially at a castle entrance. Related English words include drag and withdraw.
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