ethnographer
民族学者
解説 Definition
民族や文化を研究する学者。人間社会の文化的側面を観察し記録する学者を指します。
An ethnographer is a researcher who studies people, cultures, and everyday life by observing them closely and often spending time with them. This word is common in anthropology and social science. It usually suggests direct fieldwork rather than only reading or collecting statistics.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
ethnic が「民族の」、graph が「書く・記録する」と見えると覚えやすい。photographer が写真で記録する人、biographer が人生を書く人なら、ethnographer は民族や文化を観察して記録する人。論文より、現地での fieldwork や participant observation のイメージを結びつけると定着しやすい。anthropologist は人間一般を広く扱えるが、ethnographer は特定の集団の生活を細かく描写する、という焦点の違いも覚えておくと混同しにくい。
Break it into `ethno-` and `-grapher`. `Ethno-` connects to `ethnic`, and `-grapher` is the same writing/recording part you see in `photographer` or `biographer`. So picture someone doing fieldwork and carefully recording the life of one group in detail.
例文
The ethnographer studied indigenous cultures.
その民族学者は先住民文化を研究しました。
An ethnographer's fieldwork requires immersion in the local community.
民族学者のフィールドワークは地元コミュニティへの深い没入が必要です。
The ethnographer's observations documented traditions.
民族学者の観察は伝統を記録しました。
ethnographer の類義語・関連語
ethnographer の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ethnographer はギリシャ語 ethnos「民族」と graphein「書く」から成り、-er は「する人」です。つまり「民族を書き記す人」で、ethnic や ethnology、graph や biography と同じ語根が見えます。
Ethnographer is built from Greek ethnos "people, nation" and graphein "to write," with -er meaning "a person who does something." The word originally meant someone who writes about peoples or cultures. Its meaning stayed close to that idea as it became a term for a researcher describing societies. Related words include ethnic, ethnology, graph, and biography.
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