ethyl
エチル
解説 Definition
ethyl は化学で「エチル基」やエチルを含む性質を指す語です。日本語の「エチル」とほぼ同じ専門用語で、日常語ではなく化合物名の一部としてよく使われます。
In chemistry, ethyl denotes the two-carbon alkyl group C2H5– or indicates that this group is present in a compound. The term commonly appears within chemical names such as ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
ethyl は化学で炭素2個からなる C₂H₅– の「エチル基」を表し、ethyl alcohol や ethyl acetate のように化合物名の一部に現れます。構成要素を示す化学接尾辞 -yl に注目し、炭素1個の methyl、3個の propyl と並べて、ethyl は「2個」と位置付けると実用的に覚えられます。
Remember ethyl as the two-carbon member of a familiar chemical sequence: methyl has one carbon, ethyl has two, and propyl has three. The ending -yl is widely used in chemistry for a group derived from a larger molecule by removing an atom, often hydrogen. Ethyl therefore commonly appears inside compound names rather than as an everyday independent noun. Connect it with concrete labels such as ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate, and with the formula C2H5–. Whenever you see ethyl, look for a two-carbon group attached to the rest of the molecule.
例文
Ethyl alcohol is used in many laboratories.
エチルアルコールは多くの実験室で使われます。
The label listed ethyl acetate as an ingredient.
ラベルには成分として酢酸エチルが記載されていました。
The student learned that an ethyl group contains two carbon atoms.
その学生は、エチル基には炭素原子が2つ含まれると学びました。
ethyl の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
ethyl の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ギリシャ語の「純粋な大気」を指すaithērに、構成要素を示す化学接尾辞-yl（同語hylē「材料」由来）を組み合わせた造語です。エーテルの基となる原子団であるためこの名が付けられ、methyl（メチル）も同じ接尾辞を持ち同様に命名されています。
Ethyl was coined in the language of nineteenth-century chemistry. The eth- element is historically connected with ether, a name ultimately derived through Latin from Greek aithēr, referring to the upper or pure air. The chemical ending -yl was created from Greek hylē, “matter” or “material,” and came to mark a chemical group or radical. Ethyl was thus named in relation to ether chemistry. The same productive ending appears in methyl, propyl, and many other chemical terms.
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