excision
切除
解説 Definition
外科手術で組織や腫瘍を切除すること。病的な部分を取り除く医学的処置。
Excision is the act of cutting out and removing something, especially tissue from the body. It is commonly used in medicine and surgery. The word can also be used more generally for removing an unwanted part from something.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
`incision` が「切開」だと分かれば、`excision` は `ex-`「外へ」が付いて「切って外へ出す」→「切除」と覚えやすいです。医療では、ただメスを入れるだけでなく、腫瘍や病変部そのものを取り去る場面で使います。`make an incision` は切れ目を入れる、`perform an excision` は悪い部分を除去する、という役割の違いを対比で押さえると混同しにくくなります。
Compare it with `incision`. An incision is a cut into something, but `excision` has `ex-`, meaning "out," so it is a cut that removes something. Think: incision opens, excision takes out.
例文
The excision of the tumor was successful and complete.
腫瘍の切除は成功して完全だった。
The surgeon performed a careful excision of the infected tissue.
外科医は感染した組織の慎重な切除を実施した。
Excision is the most common treatment for skin cancer.
切除は皮膚がんの最も一般的な治療である。
excision の類義語・関連語
excision の語源・成り立ち Etymology
excision はラテン語 excisio に由来し、ex-「外へ」+ caedere / cis-「切る」に分けられます。原義は「切って外へ出すこと」で、incision や precise と同じ切断の根を思うと、単なる切開でなく不要部を取り去る語だと分かります。
Excision comes from Latin excisio, from ex- "out" and caedere, with the stem cis-, meaning "to cut." Its basic sense was "cutting out." From that, it came to mean the removal of something by cutting rather than just making a cut. It is related to incision and also to words like precise, which share the same cutting root.
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