意味一覧 (2件)
一時帰休
解説 Definition
軍人や公的任務に就く人が、上官・組織の許可を得て任務を一時離れ、自宅や故郷に戻る休暇。私的な旅行休暇より、服務中の正式な一時離脱という色合いが強い。
A furlough is a temporary period when someone is allowed to leave work or service and return later. It is often used for military leave or for a temporary unpaid break from a job because of business conditions.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この名詞は、兵士が長い勤務の合間に「任務から公式に解かれて帰宅する期間」を指す語として押さえる。holiday や vacation のような娯楽中心の休みではなく、軍務・公務の枠内で grant される許可制の休暇。be on furlough なら「一時帰休中」、grant someone a furlough なら「一時帰休を認める」。現代の雇用用法より古い、制度的な休暇の意味が残っている。
Link furlough with official leave, not with vacation. It is a temporary break given by an army, company, or government, while your position still exists. Think of phrases like be on furlough or grant a furlough. It is closer to temporary leave than to losing your job.
例文
The soldier was granted a furlough to visit his family during the holidays.
その兵士は休日中に家族を訪ねるための一時帰休を許可されました。
After months of service, he finally received his furlough.
数ヶ月の勤務の後、彼はついに一時帰休を受けました。
During the furlough, many soldiers returned to their hometowns.
一時帰休の期間中、多くの兵士は故郷に帰った。
一時帰休させる
(意味 2)解説 Definition
雇用主や官庁が、資金不足・操業停止・需要減などを理由に、従業員を一定期間勤務から外すこと。解雇ではなく在籍を残す措置で、無給・減給を伴うことが多い。
To furlough someone means to make them stop working for a limited time because a company or government office does not have enough money, work, or operating time. It is not the same as firing them, because they usually remain employed and may return later. A furlough often comes with no pay or reduced pay during the period away from work.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
furlough は軍人や公務員、従業員を一時的に休ませる動詞です。もとは休暇許可を表す語で、会社では be furloughed や furlough workers の形が典型です。lay off が解雇寄りなのに対し、furlough は雇用関係を残したまま無給・減給で一時帰休させる点を押さえると覚えやすいです。
Think of furlough as being told to stay away from work for a while, but not being fully dismissed. It is a useful word for a temporary break from duty caused by money problems, low demand, or a shutdown. When you hear furlough, picture an employee still on the company list but not working for a period of time.
例文
The company had to furlough hundreds of workers during the factory shutdown.
その会社は工場の操業停止中、何百人もの従業員を一時帰休させなければならなかった。
Many city employees were furloughed after the budget cuts were announced.
予算削減の発表後、多くの市職員が一時帰休させられた。
The airline chose to furlough staff temporarily instead of laying them off permanently.
その航空会社は、恒久的に解雇する代わりに、職員を一時的に一時帰休させることを選んだ。
furlough の語源・成り立ち Etymology
furlough はオランダ語 verlof「許可を得た休暇」に由来し、ver-「離れて」+ lof「許可」と分析されます。英語 leave も近い語で、「許しを得て持ち場を離れること」が核だと思うと、一時帰休の意味がすっと入ります。
Borrowed from Dutch verlof, meaning "leave" or "permission to be absent." It is built from elements meaning "away" and "permission," so the core idea was being allowed to leave one's post for a time. That sense developed in English into a temporary leave from military or other duty.
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう