与えた
解説 Definition
gave は give（与える、渡す）の過去形です。「与えた」「渡した」という意味で、何かを人に渡したり、機会や情報を与えたりした過去の動作を表します。後ろに人と物を続けて使うことが多いです。
The simple past form of give. It describes transferring something to someone or causing someone to receive an object, opportunity, information, task, or other benefit in the past.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
gave は give「与える・渡す」の不規則な過去形で、give–gave–given と変化し、発音は /ɡeɪv/ です。過去分詞 given と区別しましょう。gave me a book のような「gave＋人＋物」と、gave a book to me の形を対にして、贈り物・情報・宿題を渡す場面で覚えます。
Memorize the irregular sequence give–gave–given. Gave is the simple past and is pronounced /ɡeɪv/; given is the past participle, so “She gave me a book” is correct, while perfect forms use “has given.” Practice the frequent double-object pattern “gave someone something,” as in “The teacher gave us homework.” You can often restate it as “gave something to someone.” Linking gave with gift is also helpful: a gift is something that one person gives, although gave can cover far more than presents, including information, opportunities, and assignments.
例文
She gave me a book.
彼女は私に本をくれました。
I gave him my pen.
私は彼に自分のペンを渡しました。
The teacher gave us homework.
先生は私たちに宿題を出しました。
gave の類義語・関連語
gave の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 giefan（与える）の過去形 geaf に由来し、ゲルマン祖語 *gebaną（与える）に遡る。関連語：give（与える）、gift（贈り物）。gift と同語根で、「与える行為」と「贈り物」が同じ起源を持つのは自然な繋がりである。
Gave descends from the Old English past form geaf, belonging to the verb giefan, “to give.” These forms continue a Germanic verb reconstructed as gebaną. The modern alternation give–gave–given preserves an old strong-verb pattern in which a vowel change marked grammatical forms. Gift is historically related through the same Germanic word family, connecting the action of giving with something that is given.
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