instructed
指示された
解説 Definition
instructed は instruct（指示する、教える）の過去形・過去分詞です。人が何かをするように指示された、または教えられたことを表します。
The past tense and past participle of “instruct,” used when someone gave directions, taught someone what to do, or was told to perform a particular action. It commonly appears in the patterns “instructed someone to do something” and “was instructed to do something.”
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 instruct に規則変化の -ed を付けた過去形・過去分詞です。語末 /t/ の後の -ed は /ɪd/ と発音し、全体は「インストラクティド」に近くなります。instruct 人 to do「人に〜するよう指示する」や、受け身の be instructed to do を一まとまりで覚えましょう。
Connect “instructed” directly with the base verb “instruct.” It is formed regularly by adding “-ed,” but because “instruct” ends in the /t/ sound, the ending is pronounced /ɪd/, giving /ɪnˈstrʌktɪd/. Learn it through two common patterns: “The staff instructed visitors to use the side door” and the passive “We were instructed to wait.” The phrase “as instructed” is also useful and means “in the way that the directions specified.” These patterns distinguish an actual direction or lesson from a casual suggestion.
例文
We were instructed to wait here.
私たちはここで待つよう指示されました。
The staff instructed visitors to use the side door.
スタッフは来場者に横のドアを使うよう指示しました。
She followed the steps exactly as instructed.
彼女は指示されたとおりに手順を正確に行いました。
instructed の類義語・関連語
対義語
紛らわしい語
instructed の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語instruere（積み上げる・教える）の過去分詞instructusに由来。in-（上に）+struere（積む・建てる）で「知識を積み上げる→指示する」の意。同根語にstructure（構造）、construct（建設する）がある。
“Instructed” is the regular past-tense and past-participle form of “instruct.” “Instruct” came through Latin “instruere,” meaning to build, arrange, equip, or teach, and its participle “instructus.” It combines “in-” with “struere,” meaning to pile up or build. The historical image of building or arranging something developed into that of furnishing a person with knowledge or directions. “Structure” and “construct” share the same Latin root concerning building or arrangement.
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