家庭の守護神
解説 Definition
lar は、古代ローマ宗教で家庭・家族・土地などを守るとされた守護神です。歴史・古典の文脈で用いられ、単数形 lar よりも複数形 Lares を目にすることが多い語です。
A lar is a guardian deity of the household, family, or local land in ancient Roman religion. The plural form Lares is much more frequently encountered, especially in historical and classical discussions.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
古代ローマで家・土地を守る神を指す語で、単数 lar より複数形 Lares を目にすることが多いと覚えましょう。家庭の祭壇 lararium に祭られ、household god と説明できます。英語の一般的な「家」ではなく、ローマ宗教の守護神という歴史・古典の文脈に限定される語です。
Place a lar mentally beside the household shrine of an ancient Roman home. A lar was understood as a protective deity connected with a household, family, neighborhood, crossroads, or area of land. The plural Lares appears more often than the singular lar, so learn the two forms together. Also connect them with lararium, the household shrine where images of such protective beings were kept and honored. This historical setting distinguishes lar from general English words for a spirit, god, or guardian and helps prevent using it outside a Roman religious context.
例文
A lar was believed to protect the Roman household.
larはローマ人の家庭を守ると信じられていました。
The family honored its Lares at the household shrine.
その家族は家庭内の祭壇でLaresを祭りました。
lar の類義語・関連語
lar の語源・成り立ち Etymology
lar はラテン語 Lar「家や土地を守る神」から来た語で、古典では複数形 Lares がよく使われます。語源は不詳ですがエトルリア語系とする説が有力で、「家の炉辺を守る存在」から家庭の守護神の意味になりました。関連語は Lares、lararium。
Lar comes directly from Latin Lar, the name for a protective deity associated with a household or place. The Latin plural is Larēs, which appears in English as Lares and is historically more common than the singular. The deeper origin of the Latin word is uncertain; an Etruscan connection has often been proposed. Lararium, the name of a Roman household shrine, was formed from the same religious term.
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