meningococcal
髄膜炎菌性
解説 Definition
髄膜炎菌に関連する医学用語。髄膜炎を引き起こす細菌に関する形容詞。
Meningococcal means related to the bacterium meningococcus or the diseases it causes. It is mainly used in medical contexts, especially when talking about infections such as meningitis or vaccines that prevent them. The word is technical and usually appears before nouns like disease, infection, or vaccine.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
meningitis（髄膜炎）を見たことがあれば、meningo- は「髄膜まわり」を示す目印として覚えやすいです。後半の -coccal は coccus / cocci（球菌）系で、staphylococcal など医学語にもよく出ます。つまり「髄膜＋球菌＋形容詞」で、髄膜炎菌に関する語だと分解できます。meningococcal meningitis, meningococcal vaccine, meningococcal infection の形で頻出するので、病名・ワクチン・感染症の文脈と一緒に固定すると残りやすいです。
If you know `meningitis`, the `meningo-` part can remind you of that medical area. The ending `-coccal` appears in bacteria-related words such as `staphylococcal`, so it helps signal a medical term about a specific germ. Memorize it in common phrases like `meningococcal vaccine` or `meningococcal infection`.
例文
The meningococcal vaccine is recommended for college students living in dormitories.
髄膜炎菌ワクチンは寮に住む大学生に推奨されている。
A meningococcal outbreak prompted the health authorities to issue urgent warnings.
髄膜炎菌の集団発生により保健当局は緊急警告を出した。
Early detection of meningococcal disease can be lifesaving.
髄膜炎菌感染症の早期発見は命を救うことがある。
meningococcal の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
meningococcal の語源・成り立ち Etymology
meningococcal はギリシャ語 meninx / mening-「膜」と kokkos「粒・木の実」からできた語です。meningitis や coccus と同根で、「髄膜に関わる粒状の菌」だと分かると医学語の形が読みやすくなります。
Meningococcal is formed from Greek-based medical parts: meningo-, from meninx meaning "membrane," and coccus, from kokkos meaning "berry" or "grain." The second part referred to the round shape of certain bacteria. In medical English, the combined word came to mean something related to the round bacterium associated with the membranes around the brain and spinal cord. Related words include meningitis and coccus.
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