nearsighted
近視
解説 Definition
近視。目が遠くの物を明確に見ることができない視覚障害。
If someone is nearsighted, they can see things close to them more clearly than things far away. The word is used in everyday and medical contexts to describe this vision condition. It can also be used figuratively to mean not thinking enough about the future.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
near + sighted と分けると覚えやすい語です。sight は「視力・見えること」で、sighted は「見える状態の」。つまり nearsighted は「近くを見るほうに寄った視力」だと押さえると、遠くがはっきり見えない＝近視へつながります。opposite は farsighted で、こちらは語形どおり「遠くを見る側」。日常では nearsighted person, be nearsighted の形で出やすく、short-sighted とほぼ同義ですが、short-sighted には「先見性がない」の比喩義もあるので区別すると記憶に残ります。
Split it into `near` + `sighted`. That gives the idea of vision focused on what is near, which helps you remember the contrast with seeing far away. It is useful to connect it with the opposite `farsighted`, and also to remember that `short-sighted` can have a figurative meaning too.
例文
He was diagnosed with nearsighted vision and prescribed glasses.
彼は近視と診断され、眼鏡が処方された。
Nearsighted children often struggle to read the board in school.
近視の子どもは学校の黒板を読むのに苦労することが多い。
The eye doctor corrected his nearsighted condition.
眼科医は彼の近視の状態を矯正した。
nearsighted の類義語・関連語
nearsighted の語源・成り立ち Etymology
near は古英語 nēah「近い」、sighted は sight「見ること」＋ -ed で、英語内で組まれた語です。直訳どおり「近くに視界が限られる」から近視となり、同根語に sightsee, insight が見られます。
`Nearsighted` was formed in English from `near`, from Old English, and `sighted`, from `sight` plus `-ed`. The literal idea is that a person's sight is limited to what is near. From this, it developed the sense of having difficulty seeing far away, and later also a figurative sense of lacking long-term vision. Related words include `sight` and `insight`.
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