outnumbered
多勢に無勢の
解説 Definition
多勢に無勢の、数で負けているという意味です。outnumbered は outnumber（数で上回る）の過去形・過去分詞で、相手や別の集団のほうが人数や数が多い状態を表します。
Outnumbered describes a person or group that has fewer members or units than an opposing or compared group. It is the past participle of outnumber and commonly follows be, feel, or seem, often with by to identify the larger group.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
outnumbered は動詞 outnumber「数で上回る」の過去形・過去分詞で、語末が有声音 /r/ のため -ed は /d/ と発音する。be outnumbered by the crowd のように受け身・形容詞的に使えば、「相手のほうが多く、多勢に無勢」という状態になる。
Build outnumbered from out- meaning “beyond,” number, and the past-participle ending -ed. To outnumber another group is to exceed it in number; therefore, if you are outnumbered, the other side has more people or units than yours. The form is both the past tense and past participle of outnumber, and it often works adjectivally after “be,” “feel,” or “seem.” Learn the pattern “be outnumbered by the enemy” or “outnumbered three to one.” Since the base ends in the voiced /r/ sound, -ed is pronounced /d/, not as a separate syllable.
例文
We were outnumbered in the final match.
私たちは決勝戦で数の上で不利でした。
The guards felt outnumbered by the large crowd.
警備員たちは大きな群衆を前に多勢に無勢だと感じました。
Although the team was outnumbered, it stayed calm.
そのチームは多勢に無勢でしたが、落ち着いていました。
outnumbered の類義語・関連語
対義語
紛らわしい語
outnumbered の語源・成り立ち Etymology
接頭辞 out-（～を超えて）＋ number（数）＋ -ed（過去分詞）の合成語。numberはラテン語 numerus（数）が古フランス語 nombre を経て英語に入った。関連語に innumerable（無数の）、enumerate（列挙する）がある。「数で上回られた」→「多勢に無勢」という意味になった。
Outnumbered consists of the prefix out-, meaning “to surpass,” the noun number used as a verb, and the past-tense or past-participle suffix -ed. Number entered English through Old French nombre from Latin numerus, “number.” Thus, outnumber literally means to surpass another person or group in number, while outnumbered expresses that this happened to the subject. In its common adjectival use, it describes being at a numerical disadvantage. The -ed ending is pronounced /d/ after the voiced final sound.
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