却下された
解説 Definition
overruled は overrule（却下する、覆す）の過去形・過去分詞です。特に裁判や会議などで、異議や判断が権限のある人に退けられたことを表します。
Rejected or reversed by someone with greater authority, especially when a judge refuses to accept a legal objection or when an official decision replaces an earlier judgment.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 overrule「権限によって判断・異議を覆す」に過去・過去分詞の -ed が付いた形で、語末の -ed は /d/ と発音します。法廷の定型表現 objection was overruled「異議は却下された」を、上位の判断が前の主張を覆う場面と結び付けて覚えましょう。
Connect overruled with its base verb overrule: a person with higher authority rules over an earlier objection, request, or decision. The form adds -ed, pronounced /d/, to make the past tense or past participle. In legal scenes, remember the standard exchange in which a lawyer raises an objection and the judge responds that it is overruled. This contrasts with sustained, which means that a judge accepts the objection. The image of an authoritative ruling replacing a previous position captures the central meaning.
例文
The lawyer's objection was overruled by the judge.
弁護士の異議は裁判官に却下されました。
The proposal was overruled after a long debate.
その提案は長い議論の末に却下されました。
His request was overruled because it broke the rules.
彼の要求は規則に反していたため却下されました。
overruled の類義語・関連語
overruled の語源・成り立ち Etymology
「over-（上に）」＋古フランス語「riule（規則）」由来の「rule」に-edを付与。上位の権限が前の決定を「上回って覆す」のが原義で、裁判の場で意見が「却下された」状態を指す。同語根regulaを持つ「regular（規則正しい）」とも語族を同じくする。
Overruled is the -ed form of overrule. Overrule combines over, expressing superiority or higher authority, with rule, a word that entered English through Old French from Latin regula, meaning a straightedge or rule. The verb developed the sense of using superior authority to reverse or reject an earlier decision. The final -ed marks the past tense or past participle and is pronounced /d/ here.
同じレベルの語彙をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この英単語をクイズで覚えよう