pence
ペンス
解説 Definition
pence は penny（ペニー）の複数形で、イギリスなどの通貨単位「ペンス」を表します。金額を言うときに five pence や fifty pence のように使い、単数の硬貨を指す penny と区別します。
Pence is the plural monetary form of penny, used when stating an amount in British currency, such as fifty pence. It contrasts with pennies, which commonly refers to individual one-penny coins rather than their combined value.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
pence は penny の不規則な複数形で、発音も penny /ˈpeni/ から /pens/ に変わる。英国の金額を five pence、eighty pence のように数えるときに使う。一方、個々の1ペニー硬貨を数える意味では pennies も使われるので、「金額は pence、硬貨の個数は pennies」を基本に覚えよう。
Treat pence as the irregular monetary plural of penny, not as a regular -s form. The pronunciation changes from penny /ˈpeni/ to pence /pens/. Use pence after a number when stating a British amount: five pence, eighty pence, or a fifty-pence coin. Use pennies when the focus is on separate one-penny pieces, as in three old pennies. A practical memory rule is “pence for value, pennies for individual coins,” although everyday contexts sometimes blur the distinction. The required base form to remember is penny.
例文
The bus ticket costs eighty pence.
そのバスの切符は80ペンスです。
I found ten pence under the table.
テーブルの下で10ペンスを見つけました。
She paid with a few small pence coins.
彼女は小さなペンス硬貨を数枚使って支払いました。
pence の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
pence の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 pening（小銭）に由来し、ゲルマン祖語 *panningaz から派生。ドイツ語 Pfennig と同根。pence は penny の複数形で、元来「担保・質」を意味した語が貨幣単位へ転じた。関連語: penny, pfennig。
Pence is an old plural form associated with penny. Penny descends from Old English pening or penig, a small coin, and has Germanic relatives including German Pfennig. The more distant origin of the Germanic word is uncertain, though it has sometimes been linked with ideas involving a token or pledge. English preserved pence for sums of money while also developing the regular plural pennies for separate coins, creating the modern distinction in use.
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