penny
ペニー
解説 Definition
ペニーという意味です。英国などの小額硬貨や通貨単位を指し、日本語のカタカナ語「ペニー」とほぼ同じ意味で使われます。
A penny is a small-value coin and monetary unit, especially one equal to one hundredth of a pound in the United Kingdom. The word can also refer more generally to a coin of very little value.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
penny は英国の小額硬貨・通貨単位で、単数 one penny に対し、金額を数える通常の複数形は pence、硬貨そのものを個別に数える場合は pennies です。床で一枚の硬貨を見つける場面と結び付け、a penny、two pence、a few pennies の違いごと覚えましょう。
Remember penny as one small coin: one penny. The most useful learning point is its two plural patterns. Use pence when stating a total amount, as in fifty pence, but pennies when counting separate coins, as in five shiny pennies. Picture finding a penny on the floor or putting one into a box, then connect the coin with the phrase cost one penny. In modern British currency, one pound contains one hundred pence. This makes penny concrete as an individual coin while pence is especially natural for a sum of money.
例文
I found a penny on the floor.
床にペニー硬貨が落ちているのを見つけました。
The candy cost one penny.
そのキャンディーは1ペニーでした。
He put a penny in the small box.
彼は小さな箱にペニー硬貨を入れました。
penny の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 pening（硬貨）に由来し、西ゲルマン祖語 *panningaz から派生。ドイツ語 Pfennig と同根で、もとは「担保・質物」を意味した。関連語：Pfennig, pence。小さな価値の硬貨が「わずかな金額」の象徴となった。
Penny comes from Old English pening or penig, an early Germanic word for a coin. It is related to forms such as Old High German pfenning and modern German Pfennig, and is commonly traced to a reconstructed West Germanic form *panningaz. The deeper origin is not fully certain, though the word has been associated historically with ideas of value or a pledge. Its sense later broadened to symbolize a very small amount of money.
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