pneumothorax
気胸
解説 Definition
肺と胸壁の間に空気が溜まり、肺が圧迫されて縮む医学的な状態。
A pneumothorax is a medical condition in which air gets into the space around a lung and causes the lung to partly or fully collapse. This is a technical medical word, so it is mostly used by doctors, nurses, and in health-related writing.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
pneumo-はpneumoniaやpneumaticに出る「空気・肺」系のまとまり、thoraxはthoracic「胸部の」で見たことがあれば、pneumothoraxは「胸に空気が入り、肺がしぼむ状態」とパーツ連結で覚えやすい。医学文脈ではspontaneous pneumothorax、tension pneumothoraxの形も頻出。pneumoniaとつづりが近いが、こちらは炎症ではなく、胸腔に空気が漏れる異常だと分けておくと混同しにくい。
Notice the medical parts: `pneumo-` is linked with air or lungs, and `thorax` means the chest. That helps you remember it as a chest-lung word, not a general illness word. Keep it separate from `pneumonia`, which looks similar but belongs to inflammation, not trapped air.
例文
The patient was rushed to the emergency room after developing a spontaneous pneumothorax.
患者は自然気胸を発症し、救急室に緊急搬送された。
A chest X-ray confirmed the diagnosis of pneumothorax in the left lung.
胸部レントゲンにより、左肺の気胸の診断が確認された。
The doctor inserted a chest tube to treat the tension pneumothorax.
医師は緊張性気胸を治療するために胸腔ドレーンを挿入した。
pneumothorax の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
pneumothorax の語源・成り立ち Etymology
pneumothoraxはギリシャ語pneuma「空気・息」とthorax「胸」を組み合わせた医学語です。文字どおり「胸の中の空気」という構造で、胸腔に空気が入る気胸の意味がそのまま形に表れています。関連語にpneumatic、thoracicがあります。
Pneumothorax is a modern medical term built from Greek pneuma meaning "air" or "breath" and thorax meaning "chest." Its form shows the idea very directly: air in the chest. Like many scientific terms, it was created from classical parts rather than growing through everyday speech. Related English words include pneumatic and thoracic.
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