政治局
解説 Definition
politburo は、共産党などの政党で重要な政策を決める少人数の最高指導部「政治局」を指します。
A politburo is a small, senior committee that directs policy and makes major decisions within a communist party or a similarly organized political party. The term often refers to the highest level of party leadership.
使い方 Usage
使い分け Common distinctions
- cabinet「内閣」は政府の機関ですが、politburo は主に政党内の意思決定機関です。 A cabinet is part of government; a politburo is primarily a decision-making body within a political party.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
polit-「政治」と bureau「局」に結び付けて「政治局」と覚えましょう。ロシア語で「政治局」に当たる表現を縮めた語で、党の指導者たちが政策を決める会議を思い浮かべると意味をつかめます。
Connect polit- with political and bureau with an administrative office to remember “political bureau.” The word comes from a shortened Russian expression with that meaning. Picture senior party leaders meeting to decide policy.
例文
The Politburo met to discuss the new policy.
政治局は新しい政策について話し合うために会合を開きました。
Several members of the Politburo attended the meeting.
政治局の数人のメンバーがその会議に出席しました。
politburo の類義語・関連語
類義語
派生語
紛らわしい語
politburo の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ロシア語 политбюро（politbyuro）の短縮形で、полит（政治的な、ギリシャ語 politikos から）と бюро（局、フランス語 bureau から）の合成語。ソ連共産党の最高意思決定機関を指し、political bureau の露語訳。関連語：politics, bureaucracy。
Politburo was borrowed from Russian politbyuro, a shortened form corresponding to “political bureau.” Its first element is derived from the Russian word for “political,” ultimately connected with Greek politikos, while byuro was borrowed from French bureau, meaning an office or administrative department. The term became especially associated with the senior policy-making body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and was later applied to comparable committees in other communist parties.
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