素因
解説 Definition
素因は、ある事態や特性が起こりやすくなる基礎的な性質です。生まれながら持つ傾向や体質を示します。
Predisposition is a natural tendency or increased likelihood to think, feel, or develop something in a certain way. It is often used in medicine, psychology, and behavior studies. The word suggests that someone may be more likely to have a condition or trait, but it does not mean it is certain.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
pre + disposition で捉えると覚えやすい語です。disposition は「気質・傾向・物事の向き」で、そこに pre-「前もって」が付くので、「最初からそう傾きやすい性質」→「素因」。ただの tendency より、生まれつき・体質・性格などの土台にある傾向を言いやすく、医療や心理でもよく使われます。have a predisposition to illness / toward anxiety の形で、「何かにかかりやすい・なりやすい」とセットで覚えると定着します。
Break it into `pre-` + `disposition`: a tendency that is already there before anything happens. It often appears in patterns like `a predisposition to anxiety` or `to diabetes`. Remember it as background tendency, not the direct cause itself.
例文
A genetic predisposition to diabetes runs in the family.
糖尿病の遺伝的素因がその家系に見られます。
He had a predisposition toward anxiety.
彼には不安を感じやすい素因がありました。
Some people have a predisposition to allergies.
アレルギー素因を持つ人もいます。
predisposition の類義語・関連語
predisposition の語源・成り立ち Etymology
pre-「前もって」+ ラテン語 dispositio「配置・傾向」が元で、さらに disponere「並べる」にさかのぼります。dispose や disposition と同根で、心身があらかじめそう並べられている状態だと考えると「素因」が腑に落ちます。
Predisposition is made from pre-, meaning "before," and disposition, from Latin disponere, meaning "to arrange" or "set in order." The word suggests a condition already arranged in advance. From that image, it came to mean a natural tendency or readiness toward something. Related English words include dispose and disposition.
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