捕食された
解説 Definition
preyed は prey（捕食する、餌食にする）の過去形・過去分詞です。「捕食された」と言うときは、be preyed on by ... のように受け身で使われることが多いです。
Hunted, attacked, and eaten by another animal, usually in the passive construction be preyed on by. It is the past-tense and past-participle form of prey and describes an organism being treated as food by a predator.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 prey「捕食する」に -ed を付けた過去形・過去分詞で、語末の母音音 /eɪ/ の後なので -ed は /d/ と発音し、preyed は /preɪd/ です。prey on ～「～を捕食する」を単位で覚え、受け身では be preyed on by ～「～に捕食される」となります。pray「祈る」の過去形 prayed と同音なので綴りに注意します。
Preyed is the past tense and past participle of prey. Add -ed directly to prey; because the base ends in the vowel sound /eɪ/, the ending is pronounced /d/, producing /preɪd/. Learn it through the complete expression prey on something. In the passive pattern be preyed on by, the victim comes first: a small fish was preyed on by a larger fish. This makes the ecological relationship clear. Be careful with prayed, the past form of pray: preyed and prayed sound identical but have completely different meanings and spellings.
例文
The small fish was preyed on by larger fish.
その小魚は、より大きな魚に捕食されました。
Young insects are often preyed on by birds.
若い昆虫はしばしば鳥に捕食されます。
The injured animal was preyed on after it left the herd.
そのけがをした動物は群れを離れた後、捕食されました。
preyed の類義語・関連語
preyed の語源・成り立ち Etymology
preyed は動詞 prey の過去分詞形で、語源は古フランス語 preie「獲物」、さらにラテン語 praeda「略奪品・捕えたもの」にさかのぼります。prey や predator と同じ系列で、「獲物としてとらえる」感覚から、捕食されたという意味が腑に落ちます。
Preyed is the -ed form of the verb prey. Prey entered English through Old French preie, “booty or captured animal,” from Latin praeda, “booty” or “plunder.” The noun first referred to something seized and later especially to an animal hunted for food. From that noun, English developed the verb meaning to hunt or feed upon. Predator is historically related through the same Latin family.
同じレベルの語彙をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この英単語をクイズで覚えよう