往復する
解説 Definition
reciprocating は reciprocate（往復する、互いに応じる）の動名詞・現在分詞です。ここでは機械の部品などが前後に往復して動くことを表します。
Moving repeatedly backward and forward along the same path, especially as part of a machine. It is the present participle or gerund of reciprocate and commonly modifies components such as blades, pumps, and engine parts.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 reciprocate に -ing を付けた現在分詞・動名詞で、語末の e を落として reciprocating となります。機械分野では reciprocating blade／pump／part のように名詞の前に置き、「一定方向へ進み続ける」のではなく、同じ経路を back and forth に往復する動きを表す、と覚えます。
Connect reciprocating with the base verb reciprocate. To form the -ing form, drop the final silent e and add -ing: reciprocate becomes reciprocating. In mechanical contexts, picture a blade, pump, or engine part moving back and forth along the same path instead of continuing in one direction. Useful combinations include reciprocating blade, reciprocating pump, and reciprocating motion. The repeated return movement is the key image. The ending is pronounced as part of the usual /ɪŋ/ participle ending, while the main stress remains in the same area as in reciprocate.
例文
The reciprocating blade moves back and forth very quickly.
その往復刃は非常に速く前後に動きます。
A reciprocating pump can move liquid through the pipe.
往復ポンプは配管の中で液体を動かすことができます。
Engineers measured the speed of the reciprocating part.
技術者たちは往復する部品の速度を測定しました。
reciprocating の類義語・関連語
reciprocating の語源・成り立ち Etymology
reciprocating は reciprocate の現在分詞で、語源はラテン語 reciprocus「行って戻る・交互の」です。re- と pro- に結びつける説もあり、「前へ進んでまた戻る」感覚がそのまま「往復する」に残っています。関連語に reciprocal, reciprocate。
Reciprocating is the present-participle form of reciprocate, created by dropping the final e and adding -ing. Reciprocate ultimately comes from Latin reciprocus, meaning “returning” or “moving back and forth.” The word later developed senses involving an action returned in exchange and, in mechanics, repeated motion in opposite directions. The mechanical meaning preserves the physical image of going out and coming back.
同じレベルの語彙をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この英単語をクイズで覚えよう