run down
意味一覧 (2件)
流れ落ちる
解説 Definition
液体が壁・坂・窓などの表面を伝い、高い所から低い所へ流れ落ちる動きを表す。点で落ちるより、筋や経路に沿って下へ進む感じが強い。そこから場所が荒れる意味にもつながる。
If a liquid runs down something, it flows downward along a surface. It is commonly used for rain, tears, sweat, or other fluids moving because of gravity. This phrasal verb describes physical movement in a simple, visual way.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この run down は、人が坂を走り下りる基本義とは別に、液体が表面に沿って下へ進む意味で使われる。run には「走る」だけでなく、水や涙がすっと流れる感覚もあるため、down と合わさると「下方向へ筋を作って流れる」像になる。fall は空中を落ちる、drip は一滴ずつ垂れるのに対し、run down は窓・壁・頬などを伝う経路が意識される。
Take it literally: something runs down, moving downward along a surface. Imagine rain running down a window or water running down a wall. Unlike "drop," it does not fall in one quick motion; it follows a path downward.
例文
Rainwater runs down the side of the building into the street.
雨水が建物の側面を伝って通りへと流れ落ちていく。
The neighborhood has run down since the factory closed.
工場が閉鎖されて以来、その地域は荒れ果ててしまった。
走り下りる
(意味 2)解説 Definition
人や動物が坂・階段・道などを走って下へ移動する意味。急いで下の階や低い場所へ向かう場面で使い、液体が表面を伝う意味ではない。
To run down means to move quickly to a lower place by running, such as going down a hill, some stairs, or a road. It is used when a person or an animal runs toward a lower level, often in a hurry. This meaning is about physical movement downward, not about liquid moving along a surface.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
run down は run「走る」と down「下へ」が合わさり、坂・階段・丘などを「走り下りる」動きを表します。walk down はただ歩いて下る感じですが、run down は勢いと速度が中心です。run down the stairs や run down a hill の形で、上から下へ一気に移動する絵を思い浮かべると覚えやすいです。
Think of extortion as the noun from the verb extort, which means "to force something out of someone." The ending -ion, like in action or decision, shows an act or process. Compared with force, extortion sounds more legal or social, and compared with pressure, it suggests unfair threats or a power difference. It can be used for taking money, but here it is helpful to remember it as forcing someone to confess, sign, agree, or cooperate against their will.
例文
The boy run down the stairs to open the front door.
その男の子は玄関のドアを開けるために階段を走り下りた。
When the bell rang, the students ran down the hill to the bus stop.
ベルが鳴ると、生徒たちはバス停へ向かって丘を走り下りた。
A deer suddenly ran down the path and disappeared into the trees.
シカが突然その小道を走り下りて、木々の中に消えた。
run down の語源・成り立ち Etymology
run は古英語 rinnan、down は古英語 dūn/adūne「下へ」に由来します。合わせると「下へ走る」が原像で、水が流れ落ちる意味もそこから自然に出ます。関連語は runner, running。
"Run" comes from Old English "rinnan," and "down" comes from Old English forms meaning downward movement. The basic picture is simply moving or flowing downward. From that physical sense, "run down" later developed several extended meanings, such as decline, exhaustion, or tracing something to its source.
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