十三番目
解説 Definition
thirteenth は thirteen(13)に関係する序数で、十三番目という意味です。名詞として使うと、順番の中で13番目の人やもの、また日付の13日を表します。
The person, thing, or position that comes after the twelfth in an ordered series. As a noun with the, it can also refer to the thirteenth day of a month.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
thirteenth は thirteen「13」に序数の -th を付けた語で、綴りでは thirteen + th と考える。発音は /ˌθɜːrˈtiːnθ/ で、語末の /n/ の後に /θ/ が続く。the thirteenth なら「13番目の人・物」、日付なら「13日」。third「3番目」と混同せず、teen が残る点を手掛かりにする。
Build thirteenth from thirteen plus the ordinal ending -th. Keep the full teen element in mind: third means number three in order, while thirteenth means number thirteen in order. In pronunciation, /n/ is followed by /θ/ at the end, as in /ˌθɜːrˈtiːnθ/. Picture a line of people and identify the person immediately after the twelfth as the thirteenth. The same noun pattern appears in dates: the thirteenth means the thirteenth day of the month. Expressions such as finish thirteenth also mark a ranking or finishing position.
例文
I was the thirteenth in line.
私は列の13番目でした。
The thirteenth is my birthday.
13日は私の誕生日です。
He finished thirteenth in the race.
彼はそのレースで13位でした。
thirteenth の類義語・関連語
thirteenth の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 þrēotēoþa から。three(3)+ ten(10)の合成で13を表し、序数接尾辞 -th が付いた形。ゲルマン祖語に遡る。関連語: thirteen(13)、third(3番目)。西洋で13が不吉とされる背景から「13日の金曜日」など文化的含意も強い語。
Thirteenth developed from the ordinal form of thirteen and continues Old English þrēotēoþa. Thirteen itself historically combines elements meaning “three” and “ten,” although its modern spelling no longer transparently shows that order. The ordinal ending -th belongs to an old Germanic pattern also seen in fourth and tenth. Thirteenth is therefore the ordinal corresponding to the cardinal number thirteen, while third is the separate ordinal corresponding to three.
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